Effects of 2.45-GHz microwave radiation on embryonic quail hearts.

Bioelectromagnetics · 1980 · No effect · Low evidence

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No effectLow evidencePaper 6056

Japanese quail embryos exposed during the first eight days of development to 2.45-GHz continuous-wave microwaves at 5 or 20 mW/cm2 showed no changes in embryonic heart morphology or myocardial cell ultrastructure. Enzymatic activities (LDH, GOT, CPK) did not …

Study snapshot

PublicationBioelectromagnetics · 1980

Study typeanimal

Reported directionNo effect

Evidence ratingLow

Abstract

Although exposure to nonionizing electromagnetic radiation has been reported to cause a variety of systemic alterations during embryonic development, there are few reports of the induction of specific physiology or morphologic changes in the myocardium. This study was designed to examine the effects of microwave radiation on cardiogenesis in Japanese quail embryos exposed during the first eight days of development to 2.45-GHz continuous-wave microwaves at power densities of 5 or 20 mW/cm2. The specific absorption rates were 4.0 and 16.2 mW/g, respectively. The ambient temperature for each exposure was set to maintain the embryonated eggs at 37.5 degree C. This did not preclude thermal gradients in the irradiated embryos since microwaves may not uniformly absorbed. The test exposure levels did not induce changes in either the morphology of the embryonic heart or the ultrastructure of the myocardial cells. Analysis of the enzymatic activities of lactate dehydrogenase, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, and creatine phosphokinase failed to reveal any statistically significant differences between the nonexposed controls and those groups exposed to either 5 or 20 mW/cm2. The data indicate that 2.45-GHz microwave radiation at 5 or 20 mW/cm2 has no effect on the measured variables of the Japanese quail myocardium exposed during the first eight days of development.

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AI evidence extraction

Structured fields below were generated from the paper’s abstract and metadata to make the evidence easier to inspect. Automated extraction may be incomplete or incorrect; verify important details against the original paper.

Study typeanimal

Effect directionno_effect

PopulationJapanese quail embryos

Sample sizeNot supplied

Exposuremicrowave · 2450 MHz · first eight days of development (Japanese quail embryos); continuous-wave exposure

Evidence strengthLowConfidence: 78% · Peer reviewed: yes

Main findings

Outcomes measured

Embryonic heart morphology
Myocardial cell ultrastructure
Enzymatic activity: lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)
Enzymatic activity: glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT)
Enzymatic activity: creatine phosphokinase (CPK)

Limitations

Sample size not reported in abstract
Potential for non-uniform absorption/thermal gradients noted despite ambient temperature control

View raw extracted JSON

{
  "study_type": "animal",
  "exposure": {
    "band": "microwave",
    "source": null,
    "frequency_mhz": 2450,
    "sar_wkg": null,
    "duration": "first eight days of development (Japanese quail embryos); continuous-wave exposure"
  },
  "population": "Japanese quail embryos",
  "sample_size": null,
  "outcomes": [
    "Embryonic heart morphology",
    "Myocardial cell ultrastructure",
    "Enzymatic activity: lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)",
    "Enzymatic activity: glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT)",
    "Enzymatic activity: creatine phosphokinase (CPK)"
  ],
  "main_findings": "Japanese quail embryos exposed during the first eight days of development to 2.45-GHz continuous-wave microwaves at 5 or 20 mW/cm2 showed no changes in embryonic heart morphology or myocardial cell ultrastructure. Enzymatic activities (LDH, GOT, CPK) did not differ statistically from nonexposed controls.",
  "effect_direction": "no_effect",
  "limitations": [
    "Sample size not reported in abstract",
    "Potential for non-uniform absorption/thermal gradients noted despite ambient temperature control"
  ],
  "evidence_strength": "low",
  "confidence": 0.78,
  "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
  "keywords": [
    "2.45 GHz",
    "microwave radiation",
    "continuous-wave",
    "Japanese quail",
    "embryo",
    "cardiogenesis",
    "myocardium",
    "heart morphology",
    "ultrastructure",
    "lactate dehydrogenase",
    "glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase",
    "creatine phosphokinase",
    "SAR",
    "power density"
  ],
  "suggested_hubs": []
}

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AI-extracted fields are generated from the abstract and metadata and may be incomplete or incorrect. This material is for informational purposes and is not medical advice.

Identifiers and source

DOI: 10.1002/bem.2250010405
PubMed: 7284035

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