Effects of 2.45 GHz microwave radiation on the development of Japanese quail cerebellum.

Teratology · 1982 · Mixed · Low evidence

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MixedLow evidencePaper 5986

In irradiated embryos, slight developmental retardation was observed in cerebellar cortices across several morphological parameters, along with lower body and brain weights. In eight-week-old quail, no significant differences were noted between irradiated and…

Study snapshot

PublicationTeratology · 1982

Study typeanimal

Reported directionMixed

Evidence ratingLow

Abstract

Fertilized Japanese quail eggs were continuously exposed to 2.45 GHz microwave radiation from day 1 through day 12 of incubation at a power density of 5.0 +/- 0.52 mW/cm2 (mean specific absorption rate = 4.03 mW/gm). In the experiment with embryos, irradiated and control embryos were removed from eggs on day 12, 13 or 14 of incubation and the cerebella were histologically examined. In order to examine the long-term effect of microwave radiation during embryogenesis on the cerebellum, some of the quail were allowed to hatch and were reared to eight weeks of age. Their cerebella were histologically examined, and the extent of dendritic arbores, the length of the stem of the primary dendrite, and the size of the perikaryon of Purkinje cells were measured in Golgi-Cox impregnated sections. In the irradiated embryos, a slight developmental retardation was found in the cerebellar cortices in terms of several morphological parameters. The effects included the growth and subsequent decline of the external granular layer, the growth of the molecular layer, the cellular differentiation and the alignment of Purkinje cells, and the accumulation of granule cells beneath the Purkinje cell layer, as well as lower body and brain weights. In the eight-week-old quail, no significant differences were noted between irradiated and control cerebella in the morphological measurements of Purkinje cells.

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AI evidence extraction

Structured fields below were generated from the paper’s abstract and metadata to make the evidence easier to inspect. Automated extraction may be incomplete or incorrect; verify important details against the original paper.

Study typeanimal

Effect directionmixed

PopulationFertilized Japanese quail eggs/embryos; some allowed to hatch and reared to 8 weeks

Sample sizeNot supplied

Exposuremicrowave · 2450 MHz · 0.00403 W/kg · continuous exposure from day 1 through day 12 of incubation

Evidence strengthLowConfidence: 78% · Peer reviewed: yes

Main findings

Outcomes measured

Cerebellum development (histology; cerebellar cortex morphology)
External granular layer development
Molecular layer growth
Purkinje cell differentiation/alignment
Granule cell accumulation beneath Purkinje cell layer
Body weight
Brain weight
Purkinje cell morphology at 8 weeks (dendritic arbores, primary dendrite stem length, perikaryon size)

Limitations

Sample size not reported in abstract
Statistical methods and significance levels not described for embryonic findings
Exposure characterization beyond power density and mean SAR not detailed (e.g., temperature control not mentioned)

View raw extracted JSON

{
  "study_type": "animal",
  "exposure": {
    "band": "microwave",
    "source": null,
    "frequency_mhz": 2450,
    "sar_wkg": 0.00403,
    "duration": "continuous exposure from day 1 through day 12 of incubation"
  },
  "population": "Fertilized Japanese quail eggs/embryos; some allowed to hatch and reared to 8 weeks",
  "sample_size": null,
  "outcomes": [
    "Cerebellum development (histology; cerebellar cortex morphology)",
    "External granular layer development",
    "Molecular layer growth",
    "Purkinje cell differentiation/alignment",
    "Granule cell accumulation beneath Purkinje cell layer",
    "Body weight",
    "Brain weight",
    "Purkinje cell morphology at 8 weeks (dendritic arbores, primary dendrite stem length, perikaryon size)"
  ],
  "main_findings": "In irradiated embryos, slight developmental retardation was observed in cerebellar cortices across several morphological parameters, along with lower body and brain weights. In eight-week-old quail, no significant differences were noted between irradiated and control cerebella in measured Purkinje cell morphology.",
  "effect_direction": "mixed",
  "limitations": [
    "Sample size not reported in abstract",
    "Statistical methods and significance levels not described for embryonic findings",
    "Exposure characterization beyond power density and mean SAR not detailed (e.g., temperature control not mentioned)"
  ],
  "evidence_strength": "low",
  "confidence": 0.78,
  "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
  "keywords": [
    "2.45 GHz",
    "microwave radiation",
    "Japanese quail",
    "embryogenesis",
    "cerebellum",
    "Purkinje cells",
    "histology",
    "developmental retardation",
    "SAR"
  ],
  "suggested_hubs": []
}

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AI-extracted fields are generated from the abstract and metadata and may be incomplete or incorrect. This material is for informational purposes and is not medical advice.

Identifiers and source

DOI: 10.1002/tera.1420250115
PubMed: 7064109

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