The expression of pluripotency and neuronal differentiation markers under the influence of electromagnetic field and nitric oxide.

Molecular and cellular neurosciences · 2017 · Mixed · Low evidence

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MixedLow evidencePaper 4907

Study snapshot

PublicationMolecular and cellular neurosciences · 2017

Study typein_vitro

Reported directionMixed

Evidence ratingLow

Abstract

Nitric oxide (NO) is a diatomic free radical compound that as a secondary messenger contributes to cell physiological functions and its variations influence proteins activity and triggering intracellular signaling cascades. Low frequency electromagnetic field (EMF) alters the cell biology such as cell differentiation by targeting the plasma membrane and entering force to the ions and small electrical ligands. The effect of these chemical (NO) and physical (EMF) factors on the expression of the stemness and neuronal differentiation markers in rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) was investigated. The cells were treated with low (50micromolar) and high (1mM) concentrations of Deta-NO as a NO donor molecule and 50Hz low frequency EMF. The expression of pluripotency and neuronal differentiation genes and proteins was investigated using real time qPCR and Immunocytochemistry techniques. The simultaneous treatment of EMF with NO (1mM) led to the down-regulation of stemness markers expression and up-regulation of neuronal differentiation markers expression. Cell proliferation decreased and cell morphology changed which caused the majority of cells obtains neuronal protein markers in their cytoplasm. The decrease in the expression of neuronal differentiation Nestin and DCX markers without any change in the expression of pluripotency Oct4 marker (treated with low concentration of NO) indicates protection of stemness state in these cells. Treatment with NO demonstrated a double behavior. NO low concentration helped the cells protect the stemness state but NO high concentration plus EMF pushed cells into differentiation pathway.

Machine Enhanced Logic

AI evidence extraction

Structured fields below were generated from the paper’s abstract and metadata to make the evidence easier to inspect. Automated extraction may be incomplete or incorrect; verify important details against the original paper.

Study typein_vitro

Effect directionmixed

PopulationRat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC)

Sample sizeNot supplied

ExposureELF

Evidence strengthLowConfidence: 74% · Peer reviewed: yes

Main findings

In rat BMSC, simultaneous exposure to 50 Hz low-frequency EMF with high-concentration NO donor (Deta-NO, 1 mM) was associated with down-regulation of stemness markers and up-regulation of neuronal differentiation markers, along with decreased proliferation and morphology changes. Low-concentration NO donor (50 µM) was associated with decreased Nestin and DCX without change in Oct4, interpreted by the authors as protection of the stemness state.

Outcomes measured

Expression of pluripotency (stemness) markers (genes/proteins)
Expression of neuronal differentiation markers (genes/proteins), including Nestin and DCX
Cell proliferation
Cell morphology
Presence of neuronal protein markers in cytoplasm

Limitations

In vitro cell model; findings may not generalize beyond cultured rat BMSC
Exposure duration and EMF field strength/intensity not reported in the abstract
Effects are confounded by co-exposure to a nitric oxide donor; EMF-only effects are not described in the abstract
Sample size and replication details not provided in the abstract

View raw extracted JSON

{
  "study_type": "in_vitro",
  "exposure": {
    "band": "ELF",
    "source": "other",
    "frequency_mhz": null,
    "sar_wkg": null,
    "duration": null
  },
  "population": "Rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC)",
  "sample_size": null,
  "outcomes": [
    "Expression of pluripotency (stemness) markers (genes/proteins)",
    "Expression of neuronal differentiation markers (genes/proteins), including Nestin and DCX",
    "Cell proliferation",
    "Cell morphology",
    "Presence of neuronal protein markers in cytoplasm"
  ],
  "main_findings": "In rat BMSC, simultaneous exposure to 50 Hz low-frequency EMF with high-concentration NO donor (Deta-NO, 1 mM) was associated with down-regulation of stemness markers and up-regulation of neuronal differentiation markers, along with decreased proliferation and morphology changes. Low-concentration NO donor (50 µM) was associated with decreased Nestin and DCX without change in Oct4, interpreted by the authors as protection of the stemness state.",
  "effect_direction": "mixed",
  "limitations": [
    "In vitro cell model; findings may not generalize beyond cultured rat BMSC",
    "Exposure duration and EMF field strength/intensity not reported in the abstract",
    "Effects are confounded by co-exposure to a nitric oxide donor; EMF-only effects are not described in the abstract",
    "Sample size and replication details not provided in the abstract"
  ],
  "evidence_strength": "low",
  "confidence": 0.74,
  "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
  "keywords": [
    "50 Hz",
    "extremely low frequency",
    "ELF-EMF",
    "nitric oxide",
    "Deta-NO",
    "mesenchymal stem cells",
    "bone marrow",
    "pluripotency markers",
    "Oct4",
    "neuronal differentiation",
    "Nestin",
    "DCX",
    "qPCR",
    "immunocytochemistry"
  ],
  "suggested_hubs": []
}

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AI-extracted fields are generated from the abstract and metadata and may be incomplete or incorrect. This material is for informational purposes and is not medical advice.

Identifiers and source

DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2017.08.005
PubMed: 28843440

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