Exposure of ELF-EMF and RF-EMF Increase the Rate of Glucose Transport and TCA Cycle in Budding Yeast.

Frontiers in microbiology · 2016 · Mixed · Low evidence

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MixedLow evidencePaper 4827

Study snapshot

PublicationFrontiers in microbiology · 2016

Study typein_vitro

Reported directionMixed

Evidence ratingLow

Abstract

In this study, we investigated the transcriptional response to 50 Hz extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) and 2.0 GHz radio frequency electromagnetic field (RF-EMF) exposure by Illumina sequencing technology using budding yeast as the model organism. The transcription levels of 28 genes were upregulated and those of four genes were downregulated under ELF-EMF exposure, while the transcription levels of 29 genes were upregulated and those of 24 genes were downregulated under RF-EMF exposure. After validation by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), a concordant direction of change both in differential gene expression (DGE) and RT-qPCR was demonstrated for nine genes under ELF-EMF exposure and for 10 genes under RF-EMF exposure. The RT-qPCR results revealed that ELF-EMF and RF-EMF exposure can upregulate the expression of genes involved in glucose transportation and the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, but not the glycolysis pathway. Energy metabolism is closely related with the cell response to environmental stress including EMF exposure. Our findings may throw light on the mechanism underlying the biological effects of EMF.

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AI evidence extraction

Structured fields below were generated from the paper’s abstract and metadata to make the evidence easier to inspect. Automated extraction may be incomplete or incorrect; verify important details against the original paper.

Study typein_vitro

Effect directionmixed

PopulationBudding yeast (model organism)

Sample sizeNot supplied

ExposureELF and RF · 2000 MHz

Evidence strengthLowConfidence: 74% · Peer reviewed: yes

Main findings

Under 50 Hz ELF-EMF exposure, 28 genes were upregulated and 4 were downregulated; under 2.0 GHz RF-EMF exposure, 29 genes were upregulated and 24 were downregulated. RT-qPCR showed concordant direction of change with sequencing for 9 genes (ELF-EMF) and 10 genes (RF-EMF), and indicated upregulation of genes involved in glucose transport and the TCA cycle but not glycolysis.

Outcomes measured

Differential gene expression (Illumina sequencing) under 50 Hz ELF-EMF exposure
Differential gene expression (Illumina sequencing) under 2.0 GHz RF-EMF exposure
RT-qPCR validation of selected genes
Expression of genes involved in glucose transport
Expression of genes involved in TCA cycle
Expression of genes involved in glycolysis pathway

Limitations

Exposure duration not reported in abstract
Exposure intensity/dose metrics (e.g., field strength, SAR) not reported in abstract
Sample size/replicates not reported in abstract
Findings are in a yeast model; relevance to humans not addressed in abstract

View raw extracted JSON

{
  "study_type": "in_vitro",
  "exposure": {
    "band": "ELF and RF",
    "source": null,
    "frequency_mhz": 2000,
    "sar_wkg": null,
    "duration": null
  },
  "population": "Budding yeast (model organism)",
  "sample_size": null,
  "outcomes": [
    "Differential gene expression (Illumina sequencing) under 50 Hz ELF-EMF exposure",
    "Differential gene expression (Illumina sequencing) under 2.0 GHz RF-EMF exposure",
    "RT-qPCR validation of selected genes",
    "Expression of genes involved in glucose transport",
    "Expression of genes involved in TCA cycle",
    "Expression of genes involved in glycolysis pathway"
  ],
  "main_findings": "Under 50 Hz ELF-EMF exposure, 28 genes were upregulated and 4 were downregulated; under 2.0 GHz RF-EMF exposure, 29 genes were upregulated and 24 were downregulated. RT-qPCR showed concordant direction of change with sequencing for 9 genes (ELF-EMF) and 10 genes (RF-EMF), and indicated upregulation of genes involved in glucose transport and the TCA cycle but not glycolysis.",
  "effect_direction": "mixed",
  "limitations": [
    "Exposure duration not reported in abstract",
    "Exposure intensity/dose metrics (e.g., field strength, SAR) not reported in abstract",
    "Sample size/replicates not reported in abstract",
    "Findings are in a yeast model; relevance to humans not addressed in abstract"
  ],
  "evidence_strength": "low",
  "confidence": 0.74,
  "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
  "keywords": [
    "ELF-EMF",
    "RF-EMF",
    "50 Hz",
    "2.0 GHz",
    "budding yeast",
    "transcriptome",
    "Illumina sequencing",
    "differential gene expression",
    "RT-qPCR",
    "glucose transport",
    "TCA cycle",
    "glycolysis",
    "energy metabolism"
  ],
  "suggested_hubs": []
}

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AI-extracted fields are generated from the abstract and metadata and may be incomplete or incorrect. This material is for informational purposes and is not medical advice.

Identifiers and source

DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01378
PubMed: 27630630

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