Electromagnetic fields enhance chondrogenesis of human adipose-derived stem cells in a chondrogenic microenvironment in vitro.

Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2013 · Benefit · Low evidence

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BenefitLow evidencePaper 4485

PEMF and SPEMF stimulation modules did not cause cytotoxicity or alter cell viability in ADSCs. Both PEMF and SPEMF increased chondrogenic gene expression and sulfated glycosaminoglycan deposition in ADSCs in 2D-HA and 3D-pellet cultures. Bone matrix gene exp…

Study snapshot

PublicationJournal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2013

Study typein_vitro

Reported directionBenefit

Evidence ratingLow

Abstract

We tested the hypothesis that electromagnetic field (EMF) stimulation enhances chondrogenesis in human adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) in a chondrogenic microenvironment. A two-dimensional hyaluronan (HA)-coated well (2D-HA) and a three-dimensional pellet culture system (3D-pellet) were used as chondrogenic microenvironments. The ADSCs were cultured in 2D-HA or 3D-pellet, and then treated with clinical-use pulse electromagnetic field (PEMF) or the innovative single-pulse electromagnetic field (SPEMF) stimulation. The cytotoxicity, cell viability, and chondrogenic and osteogenic differentiations were analyzed after PEMF or SPEMF treatment. The modules of PEMF and SPEMF stimulations used in this study did not cause cytotoxicity or alter cell viability in ADSCs. Both PEMF and SPEMF enhanced the chondrogenic gene expression (SOX-9, collagen type II, and aggrecan) of ADSCs cultured in 2D-HA and 3D-pellet. The expressions of bone matrix genes (osteocalcin and collagen type I) of ADSCs were not changed after SPEMF treatment in 2D-HA and 3D-pellet; however, they were enhanced by PEMF treatment. Both PEMF and SPEMF increased the cartilaginous matrix (sulfated glycosaminoglycan) deposition of ADSCs. However, PEMF treatment also increased mineralization of ADSCs, but SPEMF treatment did not. Both PEMF and SPEMF enhanced chondrogenic differentiation of ADSCs cultured in a chondrogenic microenvironment. SPEMF treatment enhanced ADSC chondrogenesis, but not osteogenesis, when the cells were cultured in a chondrogenic microenvironment. However, PEMF enhanced both osteogenesis and chondrogenesis under the same conditions. Thus the combination of a chondrogenic microenvironment with SPEMF stimulation can promote chondrogenic differentiation of ADSCs and may be applicable to articular cartilage tissue engineering.

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AI evidence extraction

Structured fields below were generated from the paper’s abstract and metadata to make the evidence easier to inspect. Automated extraction may be incomplete or incorrect; verify important details against the original paper.

Study typein_vitro

Effect directionbenefit

PopulationHuman adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) cultured in chondrogenic microenvironments (2D hyaluronan-coated wells and 3D pellet culture)

Sample sizeNot supplied

ExposureNot supplied

Evidence strengthLowConfidence: 78% · Peer reviewed: yes

Main findings

Outcomes measured

Cytotoxicity
Cell viability
Chondrogenic gene expression (SOX-9, collagen type II, aggrecan)
Osteogenic/bone matrix gene expression (osteocalcin, collagen type I)
Cartilaginous matrix deposition (sulfated glycosaminoglycan)
Mineralization
Chondrogenic differentiation
Osteogenic differentiation

Limitations

No EMF exposure parameters (e.g., frequency, intensity, waveform details, duration) reported in the abstract
In vitro study; applicability to humans/clinical outcomes not assessed in the abstract
Sample size not reported in the abstract

View raw extracted JSON

{
  "study_type": "in_vitro",
  "exposure": {
    "band": null,
    "source": "clinical-use pulse electromagnetic field (PEMF) and single-pulse electromagnetic field (SPEMF) stimulation",
    "frequency_mhz": null,
    "sar_wkg": null,
    "duration": null
  },
  "population": "Human adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) cultured in chondrogenic microenvironments (2D hyaluronan-coated wells and 3D pellet culture)",
  "sample_size": null,
  "outcomes": [
    "Cytotoxicity",
    "Cell viability",
    "Chondrogenic gene expression (SOX-9, collagen type II, aggrecan)",
    "Osteogenic/bone matrix gene expression (osteocalcin, collagen type I)",
    "Cartilaginous matrix deposition (sulfated glycosaminoglycan)",
    "Mineralization",
    "Chondrogenic differentiation",
    "Osteogenic differentiation"
  ],
  "main_findings": "PEMF and SPEMF stimulation modules did not cause cytotoxicity or alter cell viability in ADSCs. Both PEMF and SPEMF increased chondrogenic gene expression and sulfated glycosaminoglycan deposition in ADSCs in 2D-HA and 3D-pellet cultures. Bone matrix gene expression and mineralization were increased with PEMF but not with SPEMF.",
  "effect_direction": "benefit",
  "limitations": [
    "No EMF exposure parameters (e.g., frequency, intensity, waveform details, duration) reported in the abstract",
    "In vitro study; applicability to humans/clinical outcomes not assessed in the abstract",
    "Sample size not reported in the abstract"
  ],
  "evidence_strength": "low",
  "confidence": 0.78,
  "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
  "keywords": [
    "electromagnetic field",
    "PEMF",
    "SPEMF",
    "adipose-derived stem cells",
    "ADSC",
    "chondrogenesis",
    "osteogenesis",
    "hyaluronan",
    "pellet culture",
    "cartilage tissue engineering",
    "sulfated glycosaminoglycan",
    "mineralization"
  ],
  "suggested_hubs": []
}

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AI-extracted fields are generated from the abstract and metadata and may be incomplete or incorrect. This material is for informational purposes and is not medical advice.

Identifiers and source

DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.01216.2012
PubMed: 23239875

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