Photoinscription of Bragg gratings within a germanosilicate fiber subjected to a high static electric field.

Optics letters · 1999 · Benefit · Insufficient evidence

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BenefitInsufficient evidencePaper 4000

Study snapshot

PublicationOptics letters · 1999

Study typeengineering

Reported directionBenefit

Evidence ratingInsufficient

Abstract

The kinetics of Bragg grating growth in germanosilicate fibers subjected to a high static electric field are compared with those obtained without any electric field. The gratings were written by exposure of the fiber core to laser light at 244 or 193 nm. These experiments gave some clues about the mechanisms responsible for both the photosensitivity in germanosilicate fibers and the nonlinear second-order UV-induced susceptibility in silica glasses. The refractive-index modulation proved to be significantly higher in the fibers subjected to an electric field. Furthermore, the change in the fiber's mean effective refractive index as a function of exposure time was not monotonic. This evolution can be explained by the assumption that some electric-field-induced diffusion of electron trapped centers [Ge(1) and Ge(2)] from the fiber core is involved.

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AI evidence extraction

Structured fields below were generated from the paper’s abstract and metadata to make the evidence easier to inspect. Automated extraction may be incomplete or incorrect; verify important details against the original paper.

Study typeengineering

Effect directionbenefit

PopulationNot supplied

Sample sizeNot supplied

ExposureNot supplied

Evidence strengthInsufficientConfidence: 74% · Peer reviewed: yes

Main findings

Bragg grating growth in germanosilicate fibers subjected to a high static electric field was compared with growth without an electric field during UV laser exposure (244 or 193 nm). Refractive-index modulation was significantly higher with an electric field, and the mean effective refractive index change over exposure time was not monotonic; the authors suggest this may involve electric-field-induced diffusion of trapped electron centers (Ge(1), Ge(2)) from the fiber core.

Outcomes measured

Bragg grating growth kinetics
refractive-index modulation
mean effective refractive index change over exposure time
mechanistic clues about photosensitivity and UV-induced second-order susceptibility
diffusion of electron trapped centers (Ge(1), Ge(2))

Limitations

No sample size or number of fibers/replicates reported in the abstract
Engineering/materials study in fibers; no biological or health outcomes
Exposure parameters for the static electric field (magnitude, geometry) not provided in the abstract

View raw extracted JSON

{
  "study_type": "engineering",
  "exposure": {
    "band": null,
    "source": "high static electric field",
    "frequency_mhz": null,
    "sar_wkg": null,
    "duration": null
  },
  "population": null,
  "sample_size": null,
  "outcomes": [
    "Bragg grating growth kinetics",
    "refractive-index modulation",
    "mean effective refractive index change over exposure time",
    "mechanistic clues about photosensitivity and UV-induced second-order susceptibility",
    "diffusion of electron trapped centers (Ge(1), Ge(2))"
  ],
  "main_findings": "Bragg grating growth in germanosilicate fibers subjected to a high static electric field was compared with growth without an electric field during UV laser exposure (244 or 193 nm). Refractive-index modulation was significantly higher with an electric field, and the mean effective refractive index change over exposure time was not monotonic; the authors suggest this may involve electric-field-induced diffusion of trapped electron centers (Ge(1), Ge(2)) from the fiber core.",
  "effect_direction": "benefit",
  "limitations": [
    "No sample size or number of fibers/replicates reported in the abstract",
    "Engineering/materials study in fibers; no biological or health outcomes",
    "Exposure parameters for the static electric field (magnitude, geometry) not provided in the abstract"
  ],
  "evidence_strength": "insufficient",
  "confidence": 0.74,
  "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
  "keywords": [
    "Bragg grating",
    "germanosilicate fiber",
    "static electric field",
    "photoinscription",
    "UV laser",
    "244 nm",
    "193 nm",
    "refractive-index modulation",
    "photosensitivity",
    "silica glass",
    "Ge(1)",
    "Ge(2)"
  ],
  "suggested_hubs": []
}

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AI-extracted fields are generated from the abstract and metadata and may be incomplete or incorrect. This material is for informational purposes and is not medical advice.

Identifiers and source

DOI: 10.1364/ol.24.000139
PubMed: 18071433

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