Stimulation of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate production in leukemia and lymphoma cells exposed to low energy electromagnetic fields.

Leukemia & lymphoma · 2000 · Mixed · Low evidence

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MixedLow evidencePaper 3956

Study snapshot

PublicationLeukemia & lymphoma · 2000

Study typein_vitro

Reported directionMixed

Evidence ratingLow

Abstract

We examined the effects of low energy electromagnetic field (EMF) exposure on the BTK kinase activity in B18-2 ([Btk-, rBTK(wt)] DT40) chicken lymphoma B cells and NALM-6 leukemic pre-B cells. Exposure of B 18-2 cells to EMF resulted in activation of BTK within 1 to 15 minutes in 8 of 8 independent experiments with stimulation indexes ranging from 1.2 to 13.3. While in some experiments the BTK stimulation was transient, in others the BTK activity continued to be significantly elevated for up to 4 hours. Similarly, exposure of NALM-6 cells to EMF resulted in activation of BTK within 30 minutes in 7 of 7 experiments with stimulation indexes ranging from 1.2 to 7.4. Stimulation of BTK activity in EMF exposed cells was associated with enhanced phosphoinositide turnover and increased inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) production in 7 of 13 experiments with DT40 cells and 7 of 13 experiments with NALM-6 cells. The likelihood and magnitude of an IP3 response after EMF exposure were similar to those after BCR ligation on DT40 cells and CD19 ligation on NALM-6 cells. These results confirm and extend our previous studies regarding EMF-induced biochemical signaling events in B-lineage lymphoid cells.

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AI evidence extraction

Structured fields below were generated from the paper’s abstract and metadata to make the evidence easier to inspect. Automated extraction may be incomplete or incorrect; verify important details against the original paper.

Study typein_vitro

Effect directionmixed

PopulationB18-2 ([Btk-, rBTK(wt)] DT40) chicken lymphoma B cells and NALM-6 leukemic pre-B cells

Sample sizeNot supplied

Exposure1–15 minutes (BTK activation in DT40); within 30 minutes (BTK activation in NALM-6); BTK elevated up to 4 hours in some experiments

Evidence strengthLowConfidence: 78% · Peer reviewed: yes

Main findings

EMF exposure activated BTK in DT40-derived B18-2 cells (8/8 experiments; stimulation index 1.2–13.3) within 1–15 minutes, with responses sometimes transient and sometimes remaining elevated up to 4 hours. EMF exposure activated BTK in NALM-6 cells (7/7 experiments; stimulation index 1.2–7.4) within 30 minutes. EMF exposure was associated with enhanced phosphoinositide turnover and increased IP3 production in 7/13 experiments in each cell type, with IP3 response likelihood/magnitude reported as similar to receptor ligation controls (BCR ligation in DT40; CD19 ligation in NALM-6).

Outcomes measured

BTK kinase activity
Phosphoinositide turnover
Inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) production

Limitations

Exposure characteristics (e.g., frequency, field strength, modulation, SAR) not provided in the abstract
In vitro cell models; relevance to in vivo health outcomes not addressed
IP3 increases were observed in only a subset of experiments (7/13), indicating variability

View raw extracted JSON

{
  "study_type": "in_vitro",
  "exposure": {
    "band": null,
    "source": null,
    "frequency_mhz": null,
    "sar_wkg": null,
    "duration": "1–15 minutes (BTK activation in DT40); within 30 minutes (BTK activation in NALM-6); BTK elevated up to 4 hours in some experiments"
  },
  "population": "B18-2 ([Btk-, rBTK(wt)] DT40) chicken lymphoma B cells and NALM-6 leukemic pre-B cells",
  "sample_size": null,
  "outcomes": [
    "BTK kinase activity",
    "Phosphoinositide turnover",
    "Inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) production"
  ],
  "main_findings": "EMF exposure activated BTK in DT40-derived B18-2 cells (8/8 experiments; stimulation index 1.2–13.3) within 1–15 minutes, with responses sometimes transient and sometimes remaining elevated up to 4 hours. EMF exposure activated BTK in NALM-6 cells (7/7 experiments; stimulation index 1.2–7.4) within 30 minutes. EMF exposure was associated with enhanced phosphoinositide turnover and increased IP3 production in 7/13 experiments in each cell type, with IP3 response likelihood/magnitude reported as similar to receptor ligation controls (BCR ligation in DT40; CD19 ligation in NALM-6).",
  "effect_direction": "mixed",
  "limitations": [
    "Exposure characteristics (e.g., frequency, field strength, modulation, SAR) not provided in the abstract",
    "In vitro cell models; relevance to in vivo health outcomes not addressed",
    "IP3 increases were observed in only a subset of experiments (7/13), indicating variability"
  ],
  "evidence_strength": "low",
  "confidence": 0.78,
  "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
  "keywords": [
    "electromagnetic field",
    "EMF",
    "Bruton's tyrosine kinase",
    "BTK",
    "IP3",
    "inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate",
    "phosphoinositide turnover",
    "DT40",
    "NALM-6",
    "lymphoma",
    "leukemia",
    "B cells",
    "signal transduction"
  ],
  "suggested_hubs": []
}

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AI-extracted fields are generated from the abstract and metadata and may be incomplete or incorrect. This material is for informational purposes and is not medical advice.

Identifiers and source

DOI: 10.3109/10428190009054892
PubMed: 11426616

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