Lethal Effects of Steep Pulsed Electric Field (SPEF) to Target Lymphatic Capillaries in VX<inf>2</inf>Implanted Breast Cancer of Rabbits.

Conference proceedings : ... Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual Conference · 2005 · Benefit · Low evidence

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BenefitLow evidencePaper 3546

Study snapshot

PublicationConference proceedings : ... Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual Conference · 2005

Study typeanimal

Reported directionBenefit

Evidence ratingLow

Abstract

This paper discussed the lethal effects of Steep Pulsed Electric Field (SPEF) to target lymphatic capillaries in VX<inf>2</inf>implanted breast cancer of rabbits using methylene blue dye injection staining, 5'-AMP-ALPase enzyme histochemical double staining, electron microscopy and VEGF-C observations. The result of methylene blue dye perfusion showed that the edge of tumor treated with SPEF was indistinct, no circularity or liner structure. Enzyme histochemical staining examination displayed that no positive staining was found in SPEF-target region of breast tumor, and lymphatic capillaries presented piecemeal structure in the edge of target region. Transmission electron microscopic examination showed that the continuity and integrality of lymphatic capillaries in tumor were destroyed after the treatment of SPEF. The expression of VEGF-C decreased markedly. The experiment indicated that SPEF induced the severe destruction of tumor cell and lymphatic capillaries in target region, and inhibited proliferation of lymphatic. Therefore it can decrease the possibility of lymphatic metastasis.

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AI evidence extraction

Structured fields below were generated from the paper’s abstract and metadata to make the evidence easier to inspect. Automated extraction may be incomplete or incorrect; verify important details against the original paper.

Study typeanimal

Effect directionbenefit

PopulationRabbits with VX2-implanted breast cancer

Sample sizeNot supplied

ExposureNot supplied

Evidence strengthLowConfidence: 74% · Peer reviewed: yes

Main findings

In VX2-implanted rabbit breast tumors, SPEF-treated regions showed loss of distinct lymphatic structures on methylene blue perfusion, absence of positive enzyme histochemical staining in the target region, and disrupted continuity/integrity of lymphatic capillaries on transmission electron microscopy. VEGF-C expression decreased markedly, and the authors conclude SPEF severely destroyed tumor cells and lymphatic capillaries and inhibited lymphatic proliferation, potentially decreasing lymphatic metastasis.

Outcomes measured

Lymphatic capillary structure/morphology in tumor target region (staining, electron microscopy)
VEGF-C expression
Tumor cell destruction
Lymphatic capillary proliferation/integrity
Potential for lymphatic metastasis (inferred from lymphatic destruction)

Limitations

Sample size not reported in abstract
Exposure parameters (field strength, pulse characteristics, duration) not reported in abstract
No explicit control/comparator details provided in abstract
Outcomes largely histological/structural; metastasis reduction is suggested rather than directly measured in abstract

View raw extracted JSON

{
  "study_type": "animal",
  "exposure": {
    "band": null,
    "source": "steep pulsed electric field (SPEF) treatment",
    "frequency_mhz": null,
    "sar_wkg": null,
    "duration": null
  },
  "population": "Rabbits with VX2-implanted breast cancer",
  "sample_size": null,
  "outcomes": [
    "Lymphatic capillary structure/morphology in tumor target region (staining, electron microscopy)",
    "VEGF-C expression",
    "Tumor cell destruction",
    "Lymphatic capillary proliferation/integrity",
    "Potential for lymphatic metastasis (inferred from lymphatic destruction)"
  ],
  "main_findings": "In VX2-implanted rabbit breast tumors, SPEF-treated regions showed loss of distinct lymphatic structures on methylene blue perfusion, absence of positive enzyme histochemical staining in the target region, and disrupted continuity/integrity of lymphatic capillaries on transmission electron microscopy. VEGF-C expression decreased markedly, and the authors conclude SPEF severely destroyed tumor cells and lymphatic capillaries and inhibited lymphatic proliferation, potentially decreasing lymphatic metastasis.",
  "effect_direction": "benefit",
  "limitations": [
    "Sample size not reported in abstract",
    "Exposure parameters (field strength, pulse characteristics, duration) not reported in abstract",
    "No explicit control/comparator details provided in abstract",
    "Outcomes largely histological/structural; metastasis reduction is suggested rather than directly measured in abstract"
  ],
  "evidence_strength": "low",
  "confidence": 0.74,
  "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
  "keywords": [
    "steep pulsed electric field",
    "SPEF",
    "VX2",
    "rabbit",
    "breast cancer",
    "lymphatic capillaries",
    "VEGF-C",
    "electron microscopy",
    "histochemical staining",
    "methylene blue"
  ],
  "suggested_hubs": [
    {
      "slug": "engineering",
      "weight": 0.6,
      "reason": "IEEE EMBS conference proceeding describing an electric-field-based biomedical intervention."
    }
  ]
}

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AI-extracted fields are generated from the abstract and metadata and may be incomplete or incorrect. This material is for informational purposes and is not medical advice.

Identifiers and source

DOI: 10.1109/iembs.2005.1615572
PubMed: 17281342

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