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Exposure of fertile chicken eggs to microwave radiation (2.45 GHz, CW) during incubation: technique and evaluation.

The Journal of microwave power and electromagnetic energy : a publication of the International Microwave Power Institute · 1991 · No effect · Low evidence

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No effectLow evidencePaper 6285

Chicken embryos were exposed to continuous-wave 2.45 GHz microwave radiation during incubation (mean power density 3.6 mW/cm2; mean egg SAR 0.8 mW/g per mW/cm2). There was no significant difference in percent fertile eggs hatched between microwave-exposed egg…

Study snapshot

PublicationThe Journal of microwave power and electromagnetic energy : a publication of the International Microwave Power Institute · 1991
Study typeanimal
Reported directionNo effect
Evidence ratingLow

Abstract

A multi-mode cavity constructed of 22-gauge perforated galvanized steel with a horn irradiator was used to expose chicken embryos to microwave (MW) radiation during incubation. The MW exposure system was placed within an environmental chamber. Mean +/- standard error of mean (SEM) power level was 3.6 +/- 0.02 mW/cm2 and mean egg specific absorption rate was 0.8 mW/g per mW/cm2. Mean temperature of the MW-exposed eggs was 37.5 +/- 0.9 degrees C as monitored by a Luxtron fluoroptic thermometer. Non-irradiated eggs were incubated at 37.5 +/- 0.1 degrees C and 55% relative humidity. There was no significant different in percent fertile eggs hatched between eggs exposed to MW radiation during incubation or eggs incubated conventionally (82.9% and 87.7%, respectively).

Machine Enhanced Logic

AI evidence extraction

Structured fields below were generated from the paper’s abstract and metadata to make the evidence easier to inspect. Automated extraction may be incomplete or incorrect; verify important details against the original paper.

Study typeanimal
Effect directionno_effect
Populationfertile chicken eggs (chicken embryos)
Sample sizeNot supplied
Exposuremicrowave · 2450 MHz · 0.8 W/kg · during incubation
Evidence strengthLowConfidence: 74% · Peer reviewed: yes

Main findings

Chicken embryos were exposed to continuous-wave 2.45 GHz microwave radiation during incubation (mean power density 3.6 mW/cm2; mean egg SAR 0.8 mW/g per mW/cm2). There was no significant difference in percent fertile eggs hatched between microwave-exposed eggs and conventionally incubated eggs (82.9% vs 87.7%).

Outcomes measured

  • Percent fertile eggs hatched (hatch rate)
  • Egg temperature during incubation

Limitations

  • Sample size not reported in the abstract.
  • Statistical details (e.g., p-values, confidence intervals) not provided in the abstract.
  • Outcomes appear limited to hatch rate and temperature; other developmental endpoints not described in the abstract.
View raw extracted JSON
{
  "study_type": "animal",
  "exposure": {
    "band": "microwave",
    "source": null,
    "frequency_mhz": 2450,
    "sar_wkg": 0.8,
    "duration": "during incubation"
  },
  "population": "fertile chicken eggs (chicken embryos)",
  "sample_size": null,
  "outcomes": [
    "Percent fertile eggs hatched (hatch rate)",
    "Egg temperature during incubation"
  ],
  "main_findings": "Chicken embryos were exposed to continuous-wave 2.45 GHz microwave radiation during incubation (mean power density 3.6 mW/cm2; mean egg SAR 0.8 mW/g per mW/cm2). There was no significant difference in percent fertile eggs hatched between microwave-exposed eggs and conventionally incubated eggs (82.9% vs 87.7%).",
  "effect_direction": "no_effect",
  "limitations": [
    "Sample size not reported in the abstract.",
    "Statistical details (e.g., p-values, confidence intervals) not provided in the abstract.",
    "Outcomes appear limited to hatch rate and temperature; other developmental endpoints not described in the abstract."
  ],
  "evidence_strength": "low",
  "confidence": 0.74,
  "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
  "keywords": [
    "chicken embryos",
    "fertile eggs",
    "incubation",
    "microwave radiation",
    "2.45 GHz",
    "continuous wave",
    "power density",
    "specific absorption rate",
    "hatch rate",
    "temperature monitoring"
  ],
  "suggested_hubs": []
}
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AI-extracted fields are generated from the abstract and metadata and may be incomplete or incorrect. This material is for informational purposes and is not medical advice.

Identifiers and source

DOI: 10.1080/08327823.1991.11688159
PubMed: 1800699

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