Temperature-specific inhibition of human red cell Na+/K+ ATPase by 2,450-MHz microwave radiation.

Bioelectromagnetics · 1987 · Mixed · Low evidence

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MixedLow evidencePaper 6229

In vitro assays of human red blood cell membranes exposed to 2,450-MHz continuous-wave microwave radiation (6 W/kg) at five temperatures (23–27°C) showed an activity change only for Na+/K+ ATPase at 25°C. At 25°C, Na+/K+ ATPase activity decreased by approxima…

Study snapshot

PublicationBioelectromagnetics · 1987

Study typein_vitro

Reported directionMixed

Evidence ratingLow

Abstract

The ATPase activity in human red blood cell membranes was investigated in vitro as a function of temperature and exposure to 2,450-MHz continuous wave microwave radiation to confirm and extend a report of Na+ transport inhibition under certain conditions of temperature and exposure. Assays were conducted spectrophotometrically during microwave exposure with a custom-made spectrophotometer-waveguide apparatus. Temperature profiles of total ATPase and Ca+2 ATPase (ouabain-inhibited) activity between 17 and 31 degrees C were graphed as an Arrhenius plot. Each data set was fitted to two straight lines which intersect between 23 and 24 degrees C. The difference between the total and Ca+2 ATPase activities, which represented the Na+/K+ ATPase activity, was also plotted and treated similarly to yield an intersection near 25 degrees C. Exposure of membrane suspensions to electromagnetic radiation, at a dose rate of 6 W/kg and at five temperatures between 23 and 27 degrees C, resulted in an activity change only for the Na+/K+ ATPase at 25 degrees C. The activity decreased by approximately 35% compared to sham-irradiated samples. A possible explanation for the unusual temperature/microwave interaction is proposed.

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AI evidence extraction

Structured fields below were generated from the paper’s abstract and metadata to make the evidence easier to inspect. Automated extraction may be incomplete or incorrect; verify important details against the original paper.

Study typein_vitro

Effect directionmixed

PopulationNot supplied

Sample sizeNot supplied

Exposuremicrowave · 2450 MHz · 6 W/kg

Evidence strengthLowConfidence: 74% · Peer reviewed: yes

Main findings

Outcomes measured

Human red blood cell membrane ATPase activity (total ATPase, Ca2+ ATPase, Na+/K+ ATPase)
Temperature dependence (Arrhenius plot intersections around 23–25°C)

Limitations

In vitro membrane preparation; findings may not generalize to intact organisms or in vivo exposure
Effect reported only at a single temperature point (25°C) within the tested range
Exposure duration not stated in the abstract
Sample size and replication details not provided in the abstract

View raw extracted JSON

{
  "study_type": "in_vitro",
  "exposure": {
    "band": "microwave",
    "source": null,
    "frequency_mhz": 2450,
    "sar_wkg": 6,
    "duration": null
  },
  "population": null,
  "sample_size": null,
  "outcomes": [
    "Human red blood cell membrane ATPase activity (total ATPase, Ca2+ ATPase, Na+/K+ ATPase)",
    "Temperature dependence (Arrhenius plot intersections around 23–25°C)"
  ],
  "main_findings": "In vitro assays of human red blood cell membranes exposed to 2,450-MHz continuous-wave microwave radiation (6 W/kg) at five temperatures (23–27°C) showed an activity change only for Na+/K+ ATPase at 25°C. At 25°C, Na+/K+ ATPase activity decreased by approximately 35% versus sham-irradiated samples; total ATPase and Ca2+ ATPase did not show reported exposure-related changes.",
  "effect_direction": "mixed",
  "limitations": [
    "In vitro membrane preparation; findings may not generalize to intact organisms or in vivo exposure",
    "Effect reported only at a single temperature point (25°C) within the tested range",
    "Exposure duration not stated in the abstract",
    "Sample size and replication details not provided in the abstract"
  ],
  "evidence_strength": "low",
  "confidence": 0.74,
  "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
  "keywords": [
    "microwave radiation",
    "2450 MHz",
    "continuous wave",
    "SAR 6 W/kg",
    "red blood cell membranes",
    "Na+/K+ ATPase",
    "Ca2+ ATPase",
    "temperature-specific effect",
    "Arrhenius plot",
    "in vitro"
  ],
  "suggested_hubs": []
}

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AI-extracted fields are generated from the abstract and metadata and may be incomplete or incorrect. This material is for informational purposes and is not medical advice.

Identifiers and source

DOI: 10.1002/bem.2250080211
PubMed: 3040008

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