Microwave radiation (2450-MHz) potentiates the lethal effect of endotoxin in mice.

Health physics · 1982 · Harm · Low evidence

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HarmLow evidencePaper 5984

Study snapshot

PublicationHealth physics · 1982

Study typeanimal

Reported directionHarm

Evidence ratingLow

Abstract

Groups of male CBA/J mice were injected with Salmonella typhimurium lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and irradiated with 2450 MHz (CW) microwaves. The 50% lethal dose (LD50) of LPS was determined for mice irradiated at 30, 20, 10 and 5 mW/cm2 immediately following injection. The average specific absorption rate was approximately 0.6 W/kg per 1 mW/cm2 incident power. An equal number of animals served as sham-irradiated controls for each power density. The mice were placed individually in small containers and were maintained at 22 degrees C and 50% relative humidity during a 2 hour irradiation period. Following irradiation the mice were returned to their home cages and were observed for 48 hr. A significant decrease in the LPS dose required to kill 50% of the mice was observed at power densities of 20 and 30 mW/cm2. High ambient temperature (37 degrees C) also potentiated the lethal effect of endotoxin. Microwave irradiation prior to LPS injection, however, did not affect the lethal action of LPS.

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AI evidence extraction

Structured fields below were generated from the paper’s abstract and metadata to make the evidence easier to inspect. Automated extraction may be incomplete or incorrect; verify important details against the original paper.

Study typeanimal

Effect directionharm

PopulationMale CBA/J mice

Sample sizeNot supplied

Exposuremicrowave · 2450 MHz · 2 hour irradiation period

Evidence strengthLowConfidence: 74% · Peer reviewed: yes

Main findings

Male CBA/J mice injected with Salmonella typhimurium LPS and then exposed to 2450 MHz continuous-wave microwaves showed a significant decrease in the LPS dose required to kill 50% of the mice at 20 and 30 mW/cm2 (2-hour exposure), compared with sham-irradiated controls. Microwave irradiation prior to LPS injection did not affect LPS lethality. High ambient temperature (37°C) also potentiated endotoxin lethality.

Outcomes measured

LPS LD50 (dose required to kill 50% of mice)
Lethality/mortality over 48 hr observation

Limitations

Sample size not reported in abstract.
Details of randomization/blinding not reported in abstract.
Outcome limited to short-term (48 hr) lethality after LPS challenge; generalizability to other endpoints/exposures unclear.
SAR reported as proportional to incident power density; SAR values for each exposure level not explicitly listed.

View raw extracted JSON

{
  "study_type": "animal",
  "exposure": {
    "band": "microwave",
    "source": null,
    "frequency_mhz": 2450,
    "sar_wkg": null,
    "duration": "2 hour irradiation period"
  },
  "population": "Male CBA/J mice",
  "sample_size": null,
  "outcomes": [
    "LPS LD50 (dose required to kill 50% of mice)",
    "Lethality/mortality over 48 hr observation"
  ],
  "main_findings": "Male CBA/J mice injected with Salmonella typhimurium LPS and then exposed to 2450 MHz continuous-wave microwaves showed a significant decrease in the LPS dose required to kill 50% of the mice at 20 and 30 mW/cm2 (2-hour exposure), compared with sham-irradiated controls. Microwave irradiation prior to LPS injection did not affect LPS lethality. High ambient temperature (37°C) also potentiated endotoxin lethality.",
  "effect_direction": "harm",
  "limitations": [
    "Sample size not reported in abstract.",
    "Details of randomization/blinding not reported in abstract.",
    "Outcome limited to short-term (48 hr) lethality after LPS challenge; generalizability to other endpoints/exposures unclear.",
    "SAR reported as proportional to incident power density; SAR values for each exposure level not explicitly listed."
  ],
  "evidence_strength": "low",
  "confidence": 0.74,
  "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
  "keywords": [
    "2450 MHz",
    "microwave",
    "continuous wave",
    "mice",
    "CBA/J",
    "lipopolysaccharide",
    "endotoxin",
    "Salmonella typhimurium",
    "LD50",
    "power density",
    "specific absorption rate",
    "temperature"
  ],
  "suggested_hubs": []
}

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AI-extracted fields are generated from the abstract and metadata and may be incomplete or incorrect. This material is for informational purposes and is not medical advice.

Identifiers and source

DOI: 10.1097/00004032-198203000-00007
PubMed: 7040308

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