NET Formation Was Reduced via Exposure to Extremely Low-Frequency Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields.

International journal of molecular sciences · 2023 · Benefit · Low evidence

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BenefitLow evidencePaper 5770

In isolated human neutrophils, 16 Hz ELF-PEMF exposure did not induce ROS or Ca-influx and did not increase basal or PMA-induced NET formation. ELF-PEMF exposure reduced DNA release and reduced NET formation induced by LPS and HO.

Study snapshot

PublicationInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023

Study typein_vitro

Reported directionBenefit

Evidence ratingLow

Abstract

Fracture-healing is a highly complex and timely orchestrated process. Non-healing fractures are still a major clinical problem and treatment remains difficult. A 16 Hz extremely low-frequency pulsed electromagnetic field (ELF-PEMF) was identified as non-invasive adjunct therapy supporting bone-healing by inducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Ca-influx. However, ROS and Ca-influx may stimulate neutrophils, the first cells arriving at the wounded site, to excessively form neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), which negatively affects the healing process. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of this 16 Hz ELF-PEMF on NET formation. Neutrophils were isolated from healthy volunteers and exposed to different NET-stimuli and the 16 Hz ELF-PEMF. NETs were quantified using Sytox Green Assay and immunofluorescence, Ca-influx and ROS with fluorescence probes. In contrast to mesenchymal cells, ELF-PEMF exposure did not induce ROS and Ca-influx in neutrophils. ELF-PEMF exposure did not result in basal or enhanced PMA-induced NET formation but did reduce the amount of DNA released. Similarly, NET formation induced by LPS and HO was reduced through exposure to ELF-PEMF. As ELF-PEMF exposure did not induce NET release or negatively affect neutrophils, the ELF-PEMF exposure can be started immediately after fracture treatment.

Machine Enhanced Logic

AI evidence extraction

Structured fields below were generated from the paper’s abstract and metadata to make the evidence easier to inspect. Automated extraction may be incomplete or incorrect; verify important details against the original paper.

Study typein_vitro

Effect directionbenefit

PopulationNeutrophils isolated from healthy volunteers

Sample sizeNot supplied

ExposureELF

Evidence strengthLowConfidence: 78% · Peer reviewed: yes

Main findings

Outcomes measured

Neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation
DNA release
Reactive oxygen species (ROS)
Calcium (Ca) influx

Limitations

Sample size not reported in abstract
Exposure duration and field strength not reported in abstract
In vitro study using isolated neutrophils; clinical relevance not directly assessed

View raw extracted JSON

{
  "study_type": "in_vitro",
  "exposure": {
    "band": "ELF",
    "source": "pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF)",
    "frequency_mhz": null,
    "sar_wkg": null,
    "duration": null
  },
  "population": "Neutrophils isolated from healthy volunteers",
  "sample_size": null,
  "outcomes": [
    "Neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation",
    "DNA release",
    "Reactive oxygen species (ROS)",
    "Calcium (Ca) influx"
  ],
  "main_findings": "In isolated human neutrophils, 16 Hz ELF-PEMF exposure did not induce ROS or Ca-influx and did not increase basal or PMA-induced NET formation. ELF-PEMF exposure reduced DNA release and reduced NET formation induced by LPS and HO.",
  "effect_direction": "benefit",
  "limitations": [
    "Sample size not reported in abstract",
    "Exposure duration and field strength not reported in abstract",
    "In vitro study using isolated neutrophils; clinical relevance not directly assessed"
  ],
  "evidence_strength": "low",
  "confidence": 0.78,
  "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
  "keywords": [
    "ELF-PEMF",
    "16 Hz",
    "neutrophils",
    "NETs",
    "neutrophil extracellular traps",
    "fracture healing",
    "ROS",
    "calcium influx",
    "PMA",
    "LPS"
  ],
  "suggested_hubs": []
}

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AI-extracted fields are generated from the abstract and metadata and may be incomplete or incorrect. This material is for informational purposes and is not medical advice.

Identifiers and source

DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914629
PubMed: 37834077

Read the original paper →

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