Static and Electromagnetic Fields Differently Affect Proliferation and Cell Death Through Acid Enhancement of ROS Generation in Mesenchymal Stem Cells.

Radiation research · 2022 · Mixed · Low evidence

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MixedLow evidencePaper 5734

Study snapshot

PublicationRadiation research · 2022

Study typein_vitro

Reported directionMixed

Evidence ratingLow

Abstract

Magnetic fields remotely influence cellular homeostasis as a physical agent through the changes in cell physicochemical reactions. Magnetic fields affect cell fate, which may provide an important and interesting challenge in stem cell behaviors. Here, we investigated the effects of the static magnetic field (SMF, 20 mT) and electromagnetic field (EMF, 20 mT-50 Hz) on reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and the acidic pH conditions as stimuli to change cell cycle progression and cell death in mesenchymal stem cells. Results show that SMF, EMF, and their simultaneous (SMF+EMF) administration increase ROS and expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) as an antioxidant defense system. Besides, intracellular pH (pHi) decreases in presence of either EMF or SMF+EMF, but not SMF. Decreased ROS content using ascorbic acid in these treatments leads to increased pH compared to the magnetic field treatments alone. Furthermore, each magnetic field has different effects on the cellular process of stem cells, including cell cycle, apoptosis and necrosis. Moreover, treatment by SMF enhances the cell viability after 24 h, while EMF or SMF+EMF decreases it. These observations indicate that fluctuations of ROS generation and acid enhancement during SMF and EMF treatments may reveal their beneficial and adverse effects on the molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in the growth, death, and differentiation of stem cells.

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AI evidence extraction

Structured fields below were generated from the paper’s abstract and metadata to make the evidence easier to inspect. Automated extraction may be incomplete or incorrect; verify important details against the original paper.

Study typein_vitro

Effect directionmixed

PopulationMesenchymal stem cells

Sample sizeNot supplied

ExposureELF · 0.05 MHz · 24 h (viability assessed after 24 h)

Evidence strengthLowConfidence: 78% · Peer reviewed: yes

Main findings

Static magnetic field (20 mT), ELF electromagnetic field (20 mT, 50 Hz), and combined exposure increased ROS and increased expression of Nrf2, SOD2, and GST. Intracellular pH decreased with EMF and SMF+EMF but not with SMF; reducing ROS with ascorbic acid increased pH relative to magnetic-field-only treatments. SMF increased cell viability after 24 h, whereas EMF and SMF+EMF decreased viability, with differing effects across cell cycle, apoptosis, and necrosis.

Outcomes measured

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production
Expression of Nrf2, SOD2, and GST
Intracellular pH (pHi)
Cell cycle progression
Apoptosis
Necrosis
Cell viability

View raw extracted JSON

{
  "study_type": "in_vitro",
  "exposure": {
    "band": "ELF",
    "source": null,
    "frequency_mhz": 0.05,
    "sar_wkg": null,
    "duration": "24 h (viability assessed after 24 h)"
  },
  "population": "Mesenchymal stem cells",
  "sample_size": null,
  "outcomes": [
    "Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production",
    "Expression of Nrf2, SOD2, and GST",
    "Intracellular pH (pHi)",
    "Cell cycle progression",
    "Apoptosis",
    "Necrosis",
    "Cell viability"
  ],
  "main_findings": "Static magnetic field (20 mT), ELF electromagnetic field (20 mT, 50 Hz), and combined exposure increased ROS and increased expression of Nrf2, SOD2, and GST. Intracellular pH decreased with EMF and SMF+EMF but not with SMF; reducing ROS with ascorbic acid increased pH relative to magnetic-field-only treatments. SMF increased cell viability after 24 h, whereas EMF and SMF+EMF decreased viability, with differing effects across cell cycle, apoptosis, and necrosis.",
  "effect_direction": "mixed",
  "limitations": [],
  "evidence_strength": "low",
  "confidence": 0.78,
  "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
  "keywords": [
    "static magnetic field",
    "electromagnetic field",
    "ELF",
    "50 Hz",
    "20 mT",
    "mesenchymal stem cells",
    "ROS",
    "intracellular pH",
    "Nrf2",
    "SOD2",
    "GST",
    "cell cycle",
    "apoptosis",
    "necrosis",
    "cell viability"
  ],
  "suggested_hubs": []
}

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AI-extracted fields are generated from the abstract and metadata and may be incomplete or incorrect. This material is for informational purposes and is not medical advice.

Identifiers and source

DOI: 10.1667/rade-21-00037.1
PubMed: 35867630

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