Effects of an in vivo 60 Hz magnetic field on monoamine levels in mouse brain.

Pathophysiology : the official journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology · 2000 · Mixed · Low evidence

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MixedLow evidencePaper 5343

Study snapshot

PublicationPathophysiology : the official journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology · 2000

Study typeanimal

Reported directionMixed

Evidence ratingLow

Abstract

We studied the effects of electromagnetic fields (EMF) on mouse brain monoamine levels in models of (1) chronic exposure (7 days) of EMF (60 Hz, 10 Gauss) to mice in a vertical orientation, (2) prolonged chronic exposure (84 days) of EMF (60 Hz, 10 Gauss) to mice in a horizontal mode, (3) acute exposure (6 h) of EMF (60 Hz, 10 Gauss) to senescence accelerated mice (SAM-P8) at ages 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months in the horizontal mode, and (4) acute exposure (1 h) of EMF (60 Hz, 1, 3.3 and 10 Gauss) to restrained mice in the horizontal mode. No model except the restrained one changed their monoamine or metabolite levels by exposure to EMF. In the restrained group, dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) was significantly increased in the hippocampus (HP) and hypothalamus (HY), homovanillic acid (HVA) was significantly increased in HY, and 5-hydroxyindolacetic acid (5-HIAA) was significantly increased in HP and thalamus-midbrain (TM). None of these monoamine metabolite levels were changed when the mouse was restrained without EMF exposure. These results suggest that monoamine metabolism is influenced by EMF only when the exposure is in the same direction as the mouse position. Another possibility is that EMF enhances the restraint stress since stress is known to increase monoamine metabolism.

Machine Enhanced Logic

AI evidence extraction

Structured fields below were generated from the paper’s abstract and metadata to make the evidence easier to inspect. Automated extraction may be incomplete or incorrect; verify important details against the original paper.

Study typeanimal

Effect directionmixed

PopulationMice (including senescence accelerated mice, SAM-P8)

Sample sizeNot supplied

ExposureELF · 0.06 MHz · Chronic 7 days; prolonged chronic 84 days; acute 6 h; acute 1 h

Evidence strengthLowConfidence: 78% · Peer reviewed: yes

Main findings

Across several exposure models (7 days vertical; 84 days horizontal; 6 h acute in SAM-P8 at multiple ages), monoamine or metabolite levels were not changed by 60 Hz, 10 Gauss exposure, except in a restrained-mouse model. In restrained mice exposed for 1 h, DOPAC increased in hippocampus and hypothalamus, HVA increased in hypothalamus, and 5-HIAA increased in hippocampus and thalamus-midbrain; restraint without EMF did not change these metabolites.

Outcomes measured

Brain monoamine levels and metabolites (including DOPAC, HVA, 5-HIAA) in regions such as hippocampus, hypothalamus, thalamus-midbrain

Limitations

Sample size not reported in abstract
Exposure metric reported in Gauss; no dosimetry/SAR provided
Potential confounding by restraint stress noted by authors
Details of measurement methods and statistical approach not provided in abstract

View raw extracted JSON

{
  "study_type": "animal",
  "exposure": {
    "band": "ELF",
    "source": null,
    "frequency_mhz": 0.06,
    "sar_wkg": null,
    "duration": "Chronic 7 days; prolonged chronic 84 days; acute 6 h; acute 1 h"
  },
  "population": "Mice (including senescence accelerated mice, SAM-P8)",
  "sample_size": null,
  "outcomes": [
    "Brain monoamine levels and metabolites (including DOPAC, HVA, 5-HIAA) in regions such as hippocampus, hypothalamus, thalamus-midbrain"
  ],
  "main_findings": "Across several exposure models (7 days vertical; 84 days horizontal; 6 h acute in SAM-P8 at multiple ages), monoamine or metabolite levels were not changed by 60 Hz, 10 Gauss exposure, except in a restrained-mouse model. In restrained mice exposed for 1 h, DOPAC increased in hippocampus and hypothalamus, HVA increased in hypothalamus, and 5-HIAA increased in hippocampus and thalamus-midbrain; restraint without EMF did not change these metabolites.",
  "effect_direction": "mixed",
  "limitations": [
    "Sample size not reported in abstract",
    "Exposure metric reported in Gauss; no dosimetry/SAR provided",
    "Potential confounding by restraint stress noted by authors",
    "Details of measurement methods and statistical approach not provided in abstract"
  ],
  "evidence_strength": "low",
  "confidence": 0.78,
  "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
  "keywords": [
    "ELF magnetic field",
    "60 Hz",
    "10 Gauss",
    "mouse",
    "SAM-P8",
    "monoamines",
    "DOPAC",
    "HVA",
    "5-HIAA",
    "hippocampus",
    "hypothalamus",
    "restraint stress"
  ],
  "suggested_hubs": [
    {
      "slug": "occupational-exposure",
      "weight": 0.2,
      "reason": "ELF 60 Hz magnetic-field exposure is relevant to occupational/industrial contexts, though this is an animal study and no workplace setting is described."
    }
  ]
}

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AI-extracted fields are generated from the abstract and metadata and may be incomplete or incorrect. This material is for informational purposes and is not medical advice.

Identifiers and source

DOI: 10.1016/s0928-4680(00)00037-7
PubMed: 10927190

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