Protective Effects of Vitamin E Consumption against 3MT Electromagnetic Field Effects on Oxidative Parameters in Substantia Nigra in Rats.

Basic and clinical neuroscience · 2016 · Mixed · Low evidence

← Research stream

MixedLow evidencePaper 4813

After 50 days of 3MT EMF exposure (4 h/day), substantia nigra MDA levels and GSH-Px activity significantly increased and SOD activity decreased; plasma TAC was unchanged. Vitamin E (200 mg/kg daily by gavage) significantly prevented the EMF-associated increas…

Study snapshot

PublicationBasic and clinical neuroscience · 2016

Study typeanimal

Reported directionMixed

Evidence ratingLow

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Electromagnetic fields (EMFs) can influence the biological system by the formation of free radicals in cells. The EMFs are able to deteriorate defense system against free radicals that leads to oxidative stress (OS). Lipid peroxidation process (LPO) is an index of oxidative stress, and the Malandialdehyde (MDA) is the final product of LPO. Vitamin E is the most important antioxidant which inhibits the LPO process. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of 3MT EMF exposure on oxidative stress parameters in substantia nigra and the role of vitamin E in reducing oxidative stress and preventing of LPO process. METHODS: 40 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: 1) Control group: received standard food without exposure to EMF and without consumption of vitamin E, 2) Experimental group 1: was exposed to EMF (3MT) 4 h/day for 50 days, 3) The experimental group 2: received 200 mg/kg vitamin E with gavage every day and also was exposed to EMF (3MT) 4 h/day for 50 days, 4) Sham group: received water with gavage for 50 days. RESULTS: A significant increase in MDA levels and Glutation peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity of the substantia nigra following 50 days exposure to EMF was detected, but the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was decreased. Exposure did not change total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels in plasma. Vitamin E treatment significantly prevented the increase of the MDA levels and GSHPx activity and also prevented the decrease of SOD activity in tissue but did not alter TAC levels. The GSH-Px activity increased because the duration and intensity of exposure were not enough to decrease it. CONCLUSION: We demonstrated two important findings; that 50 days exposure to 3 MT electromagnetic field caused oxidative stress by increasing the levels of MDA, and decreasing SOD activity in the substantia nigra; and that treatment with the vitamin E significantly prevented the oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation.

Machine Enhanced Logic

AI evidence extraction

Structured fields below were generated from the paper’s abstract and metadata to make the evidence easier to inspect. Automated extraction may be incomplete or incorrect; verify important details against the original paper.

Study typeanimal

Effect directionmixed

PopulationMale Wistar rats

Sample size40

Exposure4 h/day for 50 days

Evidence strengthLowConfidence: 78% · Peer reviewed: yes

Main findings

Outcomes measured

Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in substantia nigra
Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity in substantia nigra
Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in substantia nigra
Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels in plasma

Limitations

Exposure characteristics beyond '3MT' (e.g., frequency, field strength, SAR) not reported in the abstract
Animal study; generalizability to humans not addressed
No quantitative effect sizes or variance measures reported in the abstract
Sham group described as water gavage; sham exposure conditions for EMF not detailed in the abstract

View raw extracted JSON

{
  "study_type": "animal",
  "exposure": {
    "band": null,
    "source": null,
    "frequency_mhz": null,
    "sar_wkg": null,
    "duration": "4 h/day for 50 days"
  },
  "population": "Male Wistar rats",
  "sample_size": 40,
  "outcomes": [
    "Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in substantia nigra",
    "Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity in substantia nigra",
    "Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in substantia nigra",
    "Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels in plasma"
  ],
  "main_findings": "After 50 days of 3MT EMF exposure (4 h/day), substantia nigra MDA levels and GSH-Px activity significantly increased and SOD activity decreased; plasma TAC was unchanged. Vitamin E (200 mg/kg daily by gavage) significantly prevented the EMF-associated increase in MDA and GSH-Px and prevented the decrease in SOD, without altering TAC.",
  "effect_direction": "mixed",
  "limitations": [
    "Exposure characteristics beyond '3MT' (e.g., frequency, field strength, SAR) not reported in the abstract",
    "Animal study; generalizability to humans not addressed",
    "No quantitative effect sizes or variance measures reported in the abstract",
    "Sham group described as water gavage; sham exposure conditions for EMF not detailed in the abstract"
  ],
  "evidence_strength": "low",
  "confidence": 0.78,
  "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
  "keywords": [
    "electromagnetic field",
    "3MT",
    "oxidative stress",
    "lipid peroxidation",
    "malondialdehyde",
    "MDA",
    "superoxide dismutase",
    "SOD",
    "glutathione peroxidase",
    "GSH-Px",
    "substantia nigra",
    "vitamin E",
    "rat"
  ],
  "suggested_hubs": []
}

AI can be wrong. Always verify against the paper.

AI-extracted fields are generated from the abstract and metadata and may be incomplete or incorrect. This material is for informational purposes and is not medical advice.

Identifiers and source

DOI: 10.15412/j.bcn.03070404
PubMed: 27872692

Read the original paper →

Related papers

← Back to the Research Library