Assessment of Electromagnetic Interference with Active Cardiovascular Implantable Electronic Devices (CIEDs) Caused by the Qi A13 Design Wireless Charging Board.

International journal of environmental research and public health · 2015 · No effect · Low evidence

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No effectLow evidencePaper 4773

Study snapshot

PublicationInternational journal of environmental research and public health · 2015

Study typeengineering

Reported directionNo effect

Evidence ratingLow

Abstract

Electromagnetic interference is a concern for people wearing cardiovascular implantable electronic devices (CIEDs). The aim of this study was to assess the electromagnetic compatibility between CIEDs and the magnetic field of a common wireless charging technology. To do so the voltage induced in CIEDs by Qi A13 design magnetic fields were measured and compared with the performance limits set by ISO 14117. In order to carry this out a measuring circuit was developed which can be connected with unipolar or bipolar pacemaker leads. The measuring system was positioned at the four most common implantation sites in a torso phantom filled with physiological saline solution. The phantom was exposed by using Helmholtz coils from 5 µT to 27 µT with 111 kHz sine‑bursts or by using a Qi A13 design wireless charging board (Qi‑A13‑Board) in two operating modes "power transfer" and "pinging". With the Helmholtz coils the lowest magnetic flux density at which the performance limit was exceeded is 11 µT. With the Qi‑A13‑Board in power transfer mode 10.8% and in pinging mode 45.7% (2.2% at 10 cm distance) of the performance limit were reached at maximum. In neither of the scrutinized cases, did the voltage induced by the Qi‑A13‑Board exceed the performance limits.

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AI evidence extraction

Structured fields below were generated from the paper’s abstract and metadata to make the evidence easier to inspect. Automated extraction may be incomplete or incorrect; verify important details against the original paper.

Study typeengineering

Effect directionno_effect

PopulationPeople wearing cardiovascular implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) (tested using a torso phantom with pacemaker leads)

Sample sizeNot supplied

Exposureunknown · 0.111 MHz

Evidence strengthLowConfidence: 78% · Peer reviewed: yes

Main findings

Induced voltages from a Qi A13 design wireless charging board were measured in a torso phantom and compared to ISO 14117 performance limits. The Qi-A13 board reached at most 10.8% of the performance limit in power transfer mode and 45.7% in pinging mode (2.2% at 10 cm), and did not exceed the performance limits in any tested case; with Helmholtz coils, the lowest magnetic flux density at which the performance limit was exceeded was 11 µT.

Outcomes measured

Voltage induced in CIED leads
Exceedance of ISO 14117 performance limits (electromagnetic compatibility / interference threshold)

Limitations

Testing was performed in a torso phantom filled with physiological saline solution rather than in human participants.
Only the Qi A13 design wireless charging board and specified operating modes (power transfer, pinging) were assessed.
Exposure conditions were limited to the described magnetic flux densities (5–27 µT) and 111 kHz sine-bursts / the specific Qi-A13 board setup.

View raw extracted JSON

{
  "study_type": "engineering",
  "exposure": {
    "band": "unknown",
    "source": "wireless charging board (Qi A13 design)",
    "frequency_mhz": 0.111,
    "sar_wkg": null,
    "duration": null
  },
  "population": "People wearing cardiovascular implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) (tested using a torso phantom with pacemaker leads)",
  "sample_size": null,
  "outcomes": [
    "Voltage induced in CIED leads",
    "Exceedance of ISO 14117 performance limits (electromagnetic compatibility / interference threshold)"
  ],
  "main_findings": "Induced voltages from a Qi A13 design wireless charging board were measured in a torso phantom and compared to ISO 14117 performance limits. The Qi-A13 board reached at most 10.8% of the performance limit in power transfer mode and 45.7% in pinging mode (2.2% at 10 cm), and did not exceed the performance limits in any tested case; with Helmholtz coils, the lowest magnetic flux density at which the performance limit was exceeded was 11 µT.",
  "effect_direction": "no_effect",
  "limitations": [
    "Testing was performed in a torso phantom filled with physiological saline solution rather than in human participants.",
    "Only the Qi A13 design wireless charging board and specified operating modes (power transfer, pinging) were assessed.",
    "Exposure conditions were limited to the described magnetic flux densities (5–27 µT) and 111 kHz sine-bursts / the specific Qi-A13 board setup."
  ],
  "evidence_strength": "low",
  "confidence": 0.78,
  "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
  "keywords": [
    "electromagnetic interference",
    "electromagnetic compatibility",
    "CIED",
    "pacemaker leads",
    "wireless charging",
    "Qi A13",
    "ISO 14117",
    "magnetic flux density",
    "111 kHz",
    "torso phantom",
    "Helmholtz coils"
  ],
  "suggested_hubs": [
    {
      "slug": "medical-implants-emi",
      "weight": 0.95,
      "reason": "Assesses electromagnetic interference/compatibility with cardiovascular implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) from a wireless charging system."
    }
  ]
}

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AI-extracted fields are generated from the abstract and metadata and may be incomplete or incorrect. This material is for informational purposes and is not medical advice.

Identifiers and source

DOI: 10.3390/ijerph120605886
PubMed: 26024360

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