Examination of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields on orthodontic tooth movement in rats.

Biotechnology, biotechnological equipment · 2014 · Benefit · Low evidence

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BenefitLow evidencePaper 4714

Rats exposed to 50 Hz ELF-EMF at 1.5 mT (sinusoidal or pulsed) for 8 hours/day over 8 days showed significant differences in the extent of orthodontic tooth movement compared with cage controls, with differences especially after day 5 (days 5–8). The authors …

Study snapshot

PublicationBiotechnology, biotechnological equipment · 2014

Study typeanimal

Reported directionBenefit

Evidence ratingLow

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether 50 Hz extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMFs) affect the amount of orthodontic tooth movement in rats. The experiments were performed on 18 male Sprague-Dawley rats. The rats were randomly divided into three groups ( = 6): cage-control (Cg-Cnt) group ( = 6); sinusoidal electromagnetic field (SEMF) group ( = 6); and pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) group ( = 6). In SEMF and PEMF groups, rats were subjected to 1.5 mT EMF exposure eight hours per day for eight days. In order to obtain tooth movement, holes were drilled on the right and left maxillary central incisors of the rats at a distance 1.5-2 mm away from the gingiva and 20 g of orthodontic forces were applied to the teeth. Generated linear model for repeated measures and Bonferroni tests were used to evaluate the differences between the groups. Interactions among groups by days were found by using Pillai's trace multivariate test. The results showed that significant differences were present among the groups ( = 5.035; = 0.03) according to the extent of tooth movement. Significant differences between the amount of tooth movements were determined especially after the fifth day and the following days six, seven and eight ( < 0.001). Within the limitations, according to the results of the present study, the application of ELF-EMF accelerated the orthodontic tooth movement in rats.

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AI evidence extraction

Structured fields below were generated from the paper’s abstract and metadata to make the evidence easier to inspect. Automated extraction may be incomplete or incorrect; verify important details against the original paper.

Study typeanimal

Effect directionbenefit

Population18 male Sprague-Dawley rats

Sample size18

ExposureELF · 0.05 MHz · 8 hours/day for 8 days

Evidence strengthLowConfidence: 78% · Peer reviewed: yes

Main findings

Outcomes measured

Orthodontic tooth movement (extent/amount)

Limitations

Animal study (rats), limiting direct applicability to humans
Small group sizes (n=6 per group)
Exposure metric reported as magnetic flux density (mT); SAR not reported
Study duration limited to 8 days

View raw extracted JSON

{
  "study_type": "animal",
  "exposure": {
    "band": "ELF",
    "source": null,
    "frequency_mhz": 0.05,
    "sar_wkg": null,
    "duration": "8 hours/day for 8 days"
  },
  "population": "18 male Sprague-Dawley rats",
  "sample_size": 18,
  "outcomes": [
    "Orthodontic tooth movement (extent/amount)"
  ],
  "main_findings": "Rats exposed to 50 Hz ELF-EMF at 1.5 mT (sinusoidal or pulsed) for 8 hours/day over 8 days showed significant differences in the extent of orthodontic tooth movement compared with cage controls, with differences especially after day 5 (days 5–8). The authors conclude that ELF-EMF exposure accelerated orthodontic tooth movement in rats.",
  "effect_direction": "benefit",
  "limitations": [
    "Animal study (rats), limiting direct applicability to humans",
    "Small group sizes (n=6 per group)",
    "Exposure metric reported as magnetic flux density (mT); SAR not reported",
    "Study duration limited to 8 days"
  ],
  "evidence_strength": "low",
  "confidence": 0.78,
  "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
  "keywords": [
    "extremely low frequency",
    "ELF-EMF",
    "50 Hz",
    "1.5 mT",
    "pulsed electromagnetic field",
    "sinusoidal electromagnetic field",
    "orthodontic tooth movement",
    "rats",
    "Sprague-Dawley"
  ],
  "suggested_hubs": [
    {
      "slug": "occupational-exposure",
      "weight": 0.2,
      "reason": "Involves ELF (50 Hz) magnetic field exposure, which is commonly discussed in occupational ELF contexts, though this study is in animals and not explicitly occupational."
    }
  ]
}

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AI-extracted fields are generated from the abstract and metadata and may be incomplete or incorrect. This material is for informational purposes and is not medical advice.

Identifiers and source

DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2014.901669
PubMed: 26019497

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