Is extremely low frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields (EMF) applicable to gliomas? A literature review of underlying mechanisms and application of extremely low frequency pulsed EMF

2022 · Unclear · Insufficient evidence

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UnclearInsufficient evidencePaper 762

This literature review summarizes proposed underlying mechanisms (calcium ions, autophagy, apoptosis, angiogenesis, reactive oxygen species) and discusses clinical-practice-oriented applications and prospects of ELF-PEMF, including combination with convention…

Study snapshot

Publicationmanual · 2022

Study typereview

Reported directionUnclear

Evidence ratingInsufficient

Abstract

Is extremely low frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields (EMF) applicable to gliomas? A literature review of underlying mechanisms and application of extremely low frequency pulsed EMF Huang M, Li P, Chen F, Cai Z, Yang S, Zheng X, Li W. Is extremely low frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields applicable to gliomas? A literature review of the underlying mechanisms and application of extremely low frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields. Cancer Med. 2022 Aug 5. doi: 10.1002/cam4.5112. Abstract Gliomas refer to a group of complicated human brain tumors with a low 5-year survival rate and limited therapeutic options. Extremely low-frequency pulsed electromagnetic field (ELF-PEMF) is a specific magnetic field featuring almost no side effects. However, the application of ELF-PEMF in the treatment of gliomas is rare. This review summarizes five significant underlying mechanisms including calcium ions, autophagy, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and reactive oxygen species, and applications of ELF-PEMF in glioma treatment from a clinical practice perspective. In addition, the prospects of ELF-PEMF in combination with conventional therapy for the treatment of gliomas are reviewed. This review benefits any specialists, especially oncologists, interested in this new therapy because it can help treat patients with gliomas properly. Open access paper: onlinelibrary.wiley.com

Machine Enhanced Logic

AI evidence extraction

Structured fields below were generated from the paper’s abstract and metadata to make the evidence easier to inspect. Automated extraction may be incomplete or incorrect; verify important details against the original paper.

Study typereview

Effect directionunclear

PopulationPatients with gliomas (human brain tumors)

Sample sizeNot supplied

ExposureELF

Evidence strengthInsufficientConfidence: 66% · Peer reviewed: yes

Main findings

Outcomes measured

glioma treatment applications (clinical practice perspective)
mechanistic pathways: calcium ions
mechanistic pathways: autophagy
mechanistic pathways: apoptosis
mechanistic pathways: angiogenesis
mechanistic pathways: reactive oxygen species

Limitations

Narrative/literature review; no primary data reported in abstract
No exposure parameters (e.g., frequency, intensity, treatment duration) provided in abstract
No quantitative synthesis or effect estimates reported in abstract

View raw extracted JSON

{
  "study_type": "review",
  "exposure": {
    "band": "ELF",
    "source": "therapeutic pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF)",
    "frequency_mhz": null,
    "sar_wkg": null,
    "duration": null
  },
  "population": "Patients with gliomas (human brain tumors)",
  "sample_size": null,
  "outcomes": [
    "glioma treatment applications (clinical practice perspective)",
    "mechanistic pathways: calcium ions",
    "mechanistic pathways: autophagy",
    "mechanistic pathways: apoptosis",
    "mechanistic pathways: angiogenesis",
    "mechanistic pathways: reactive oxygen species"
  ],
  "main_findings": "This literature review summarizes proposed underlying mechanisms (calcium ions, autophagy, apoptosis, angiogenesis, reactive oxygen species) and discusses clinical-practice-oriented applications and prospects of ELF-PEMF, including combination with conventional therapy, for glioma treatment.",
  "effect_direction": "unclear",
  "limitations": [
    "Narrative/literature review; no primary data reported in abstract",
    "No exposure parameters (e.g., frequency, intensity, treatment duration) provided in abstract",
    "No quantitative synthesis or effect estimates reported in abstract"
  ],
  "evidence_strength": "insufficient",
  "confidence": 0.66,
  "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
  "keywords": [
    "glioma",
    "brain tumor",
    "extremely low frequency",
    "ELF",
    "pulsed electromagnetic field",
    "PEMF",
    "calcium ions",
    "autophagy",
    "apoptosis",
    "angiogenesis",
    "reactive oxygen species",
    "combination therapy"
  ],
  "suggested_hubs": []
}

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AI-extracted fields are generated from the abstract and metadata and may be incomplete or incorrect. This material is for informational purposes and is not medical advice.

Identifiers and source

DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5112
PubMed: Not supplied

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