Effect of 1 mT sinusoidal electromagnetic fields on proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells.

Bioelectromagnetics · 2013 · Mixed · Low evidence

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MixedLow evidencePaper 4616

Cell viability decreased with 50 and 70 Hz exposures. Proliferation was significantly increased in the 10 Hz group. ALP and OC expression were up-regulated by 1 mT, 10 Hz after 1 week, while later-phase osteogenic differentiation/maturation gene expression in…

Study snapshot

PublicationBioelectromagnetics · 2013

Study typein_vitro

Reported directionMixed

Evidence ratingLow

Abstract

Electromagnetic field (EMF) stimulation is clinically beneficial for fracture nonunion and a wide range of bone disorders. However, no consensus has been reached on the optimal parameters of the EMF. The exact mechanism by which EMFs enhance osteogenesis has also not been defined. In the present study, a sinusoidal 1 mT EMF at frequencies of 10, 30, 50, and 70 Hz were administered to rat bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (rBMSCs) in the cyclic mode of 2 h exposures followed by 4 h of culture without exposure. The cell viability, proliferation, expression of some osteogenic genes, and mineralization of the extracellular matrix were investigated. It was found that the cell viability was decreased by EMF exposures of 50 and 70 Hz. The proliferation of rBMSCs was elevated significantly in the 10 Hz EMF-treated group during the culture periods. The expression of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and osteocalcin (OC), two early-phase osteogenic differentiation markers, was up-regulated by the 1 mT, 10 Hz EMF after 1 week. However, the expression of genes that marked the later-phase osteogenic differentiation and maturation of osteoblasts was elevated by the stimulation of 50 Hz EMFs after 2 weeks. In addition, it was observed that the mineralization of the extracellular matrix was enhanced by 50 Hz EMF exposure. These results indicated that the 1 mT EMF at different frequencies had disparate effects on the viability, proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of rBMSCs, and may be beneficial for developing novel therapeutic approaches in bone regenerative medicine.

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AI evidence extraction

Structured fields below were generated from the paper’s abstract and metadata to make the evidence easier to inspect. Automated extraction may be incomplete or incorrect; verify important details against the original paper.

Study typein_vitro

Effect directionmixed

PopulationRat bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (rBMSCs)

Sample sizeNot supplied

ExposureELF · Cyclic mode: 2 h exposure followed by 4 h without exposure; frequencies tested 10, 30, 50, 70 Hz; field strength 1 mT

Evidence strengthLowConfidence: 78% · Peer reviewed: yes

Main findings

Outcomes measured

Cell viability
Cell proliferation
Expression of osteogenic genes (including alkaline phosphatase [ALP] and osteocalcin [OC])
Later-phase osteogenic differentiation/maturation gene expression
Extracellular matrix mineralization

Limitations

In vitro study in rat cells; generalizability to humans/clinical outcomes not addressed in abstract
Sample size and statistical details not reported in abstract
Exposure regimen details beyond cyclic timing (e.g., total study duration per day, number of days) not fully specified in abstract

View raw extracted JSON

{
  "study_type": "in_vitro",
  "exposure": {
    "band": "ELF",
    "source": null,
    "frequency_mhz": null,
    "sar_wkg": null,
    "duration": "Cyclic mode: 2 h exposure followed by 4 h without exposure; frequencies tested 10, 30, 50, 70 Hz; field strength 1 mT"
  },
  "population": "Rat bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (rBMSCs)",
  "sample_size": null,
  "outcomes": [
    "Cell viability",
    "Cell proliferation",
    "Expression of osteogenic genes (including alkaline phosphatase [ALP] and osteocalcin [OC])",
    "Later-phase osteogenic differentiation/maturation gene expression",
    "Extracellular matrix mineralization"
  ],
  "main_findings": "Cell viability decreased with 50 and 70 Hz exposures. Proliferation was significantly increased in the 10 Hz group. ALP and OC expression were up-regulated by 1 mT, 10 Hz after 1 week, while later-phase osteogenic differentiation/maturation gene expression increased with 50 Hz after 2 weeks; extracellular matrix mineralization was enhanced by 50 Hz exposure.",
  "effect_direction": "mixed",
  "limitations": [
    "In vitro study in rat cells; generalizability to humans/clinical outcomes not addressed in abstract",
    "Sample size and statistical details not reported in abstract",
    "Exposure regimen details beyond cyclic timing (e.g., total study duration per day, number of days) not fully specified in abstract"
  ],
  "evidence_strength": "low",
  "confidence": 0.78,
  "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
  "keywords": [
    "ELF-EMF",
    "sinusoidal electromagnetic field",
    "1 mT",
    "10 Hz",
    "30 Hz",
    "50 Hz",
    "70 Hz",
    "rat bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells",
    "proliferation",
    "cell viability",
    "osteogenic differentiation",
    "alkaline phosphatase",
    "osteocalcin",
    "mineralization"
  ],
  "suggested_hubs": []
}

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AI-extracted fields are generated from the abstract and metadata and may be incomplete or incorrect. This material is for informational purposes and is not medical advice.

Identifiers and source

DOI: 10.1002/bem.21791
PubMed: 23589052

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