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Short-term exposure to 50 Hz ELF-EMF alters the cisplatin-induced oxidative response in AT478 murine squamous cell carcinoma cells.

Bioelectromagnetics · 2012 · Mixed · Low evidence

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MixedLow evidencePaper 4533

Cisplatin exposure increased ROS and antioxidant enzyme activity and produced the most severe DNA damage. Adding 50 Hz/1 mT ELF-EMF exposure to cisplatin treatment decreased ROS and antioxidant enzyme activity and was associated with less DNA damage than cisp…

Study snapshot

PublicationBioelectromagnetics · 2012
Study typein_vitro
Reported directionMixed
Evidence ratingLow

Abstract

The aim of this study was to assess the influence of cisplatin and an extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) on antioxidant enzyme activity and the lipid peroxidation ratio, as well as the level of DNA damage and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in AT478 carcinoma cells. Cells were cultured for 24 and 72 h in culture medium with cisplatin. Additionally, the cells were irradiated with 50 Hz/1 mT ELF-EMF for 16 min using a solenoid as a source of the ELF-EMF. The amount of ROS, superoxide dismutase (SOD) isoenzyme activity, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity, DNA damage, and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were assessed. Cells that were exposed to cisplatin exhibited a significant increase in ROS and antioxidant enzyme activity. The addition of ELF-EMF exposure to cisplatin treatment resulted in decreased ROS levels and antioxidant enzyme activity. A significant reduction in MDA concentrations was observed in all of the study groups, with the greatest decrease associated with treatment by both cisplatin and ELF-EMF. Cisplatin induced the most severe DNA damage; however, when cells were also irradiated with ELF-EMF, less DNA damage occurred. Exposure to ELF-EMF alone resulted in an increase in DNA damage compared to control cells. ELF-EMF lessened the effects of oxidative stress and DNA damage that were induced by cisplatin; however, ELF-EMF alone was a mild oxidative stressor and DNA damage inducer. We speculate that ELF-EMF exerts differential effects depending on the exogenous conditions. This information may be of value for appraising the pathophysiologic consequences of exposure to ELF-EMF.

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AI evidence extraction

Structured fields below were generated from the paper’s abstract and metadata to make the evidence easier to inspect. Automated extraction may be incomplete or incorrect; verify important details against the original paper.

Study typein_vitro
Effect directionmixed
PopulationAT478 murine squamous cell carcinoma cells (cell culture)
Sample sizeNot supplied
ExposureELF · 0.05 MHz · 16 min
Evidence strengthLowConfidence: 78% · Peer reviewed: yes

Main findings

Cisplatin exposure increased ROS and antioxidant enzyme activity and produced the most severe DNA damage. Adding 50 Hz/1 mT ELF-EMF exposure to cisplatin treatment decreased ROS and antioxidant enzyme activity and was associated with less DNA damage than cisplatin alone; MDA concentrations were reduced in all groups, with the greatest decrease in the combined cisplatin+ELF-EMF group. ELF-EMF alone increased DNA damage compared with control cells.

Outcomes measured

  • Reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels
  • Superoxide dismutase (SOD) isoenzyme activity
  • Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity
  • DNA damage
  • Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels / lipid peroxidation

Limitations

  • In vitro cell culture model; findings may not generalize to organisms or humans
  • Short-term exposure (16 min) only
  • Sample size not reported in abstract
  • Only one field condition reported (50 Hz/1 mT)
View raw extracted JSON
{
  "study_type": "in_vitro",
  "exposure": {
    "band": "ELF",
    "source": "solenoid",
    "frequency_mhz": 0.05,
    "sar_wkg": null,
    "duration": "16 min"
  },
  "population": "AT478 murine squamous cell carcinoma cells (cell culture)",
  "sample_size": null,
  "outcomes": [
    "Reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels",
    "Superoxide dismutase (SOD) isoenzyme activity",
    "Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity",
    "DNA damage",
    "Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels / lipid peroxidation"
  ],
  "main_findings": "Cisplatin exposure increased ROS and antioxidant enzyme activity and produced the most severe DNA damage. Adding 50 Hz/1 mT ELF-EMF exposure to cisplatin treatment decreased ROS and antioxidant enzyme activity and was associated with less DNA damage than cisplatin alone; MDA concentrations were reduced in all groups, with the greatest decrease in the combined cisplatin+ELF-EMF group. ELF-EMF alone increased DNA damage compared with control cells.",
  "effect_direction": "mixed",
  "limitations": [
    "In vitro cell culture model; findings may not generalize to organisms or humans",
    "Short-term exposure (16 min) only",
    "Sample size not reported in abstract",
    "Only one field condition reported (50 Hz/1 mT)"
  ],
  "evidence_strength": "low",
  "confidence": 0.78,
  "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
  "keywords": [
    "ELF-EMF",
    "50 Hz",
    "1 mT",
    "cisplatin",
    "oxidative stress",
    "ROS",
    "SOD",
    "glutathione peroxidase",
    "DNA damage",
    "malondialdehyde",
    "lipid peroxidation",
    "AT478",
    "murine squamous cell carcinoma"
  ],
  "suggested_hubs": [
    {
      "slug": "elf-emf",
      "weight": 0.9,
      "reason": "Study examines biological effects of 50 Hz extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields in vitro."
    }
  ]
}
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AI-extracted fields are generated from the abstract and metadata and may be incomplete or incorrect. This material is for informational purposes and is not medical advice.

Identifiers and source

DOI: 10.1002/bem.21732
PubMed: 22535669

Read the original paper →

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