The effects of a 1.8 GHz continuous electromagnetic fields on mucociliary transport of human nasal mucosa.

The Laryngoscope · 2013 · Harm · Low evidence

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HarmLow evidencePaper 4498

Study snapshot

PublicationThe Laryngoscope · 2013

Study typein_vitro

Reported directionHarm

Evidence ratingLow

Abstract

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a 1.8 GHz continuous electromagnetic fields (EMF) on human nasal mucociliary transport, and to determine the pathophysiology of ciliary beat frequency (CBF) during an EMF-induced change. METHODS: Human nasal mucosa cells were exposed to a 1.8 GHz EMF (SAR=1.0 W/kg), and CBF was analyzed using an optical flow technique with the peak detection method. RESULTS: The 1.8 GHz-exposed group showed a decreased CBF when compared to the control group. In the cytotoxicity assay, difference in survival rates was not found between the two groups. In the EMF-exposed group, protein kinase C (PKC) activity was increased during a PKC activity assay. The broad PKC inhibitor, Calphostin C abolished the EMF-induced decrease of CBF. The EMF-induced decrease of CBF was abolished by GF 109203X, a novel PKC (nPKC) isoform inhibitor, whereas the decrease was not attenuated by Gö-6976, a specific inhibitor of conventional PKC (cPKC) isoform. CONCLUSIONS: EMF may inhibit CBF via an nPKC-dependent mechanism. Therefore, we have confirmed that EMF could decrease CBF by increasing PKC activity.

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AI evidence extraction

Structured fields below were generated from the paper’s abstract and metadata to make the evidence easier to inspect. Automated extraction may be incomplete or incorrect; verify important details against the original paper.

Study typein_vitro

Effect directionharm

PopulationNot supplied

Sample sizeNot supplied

ExposureRF · 1800 MHz · 1 W/kg

Evidence strengthLowConfidence: 78% · Peer reviewed: yes

Main findings

Human nasal mucosa cells exposed to a 1.8 GHz continuous EMF (SAR=1.0 W/kg) showed decreased ciliary beat frequency compared with controls, without a detected difference in survival rates. PKC activity increased in the EMF-exposed group, and PKC inhibitors (Calphostin C and an nPKC inhibitor GF 109203X) abolished the EMF-induced CBF decrease, while a cPKC inhibitor (Gö-6976) did not attenuate it.

Outcomes measured

ciliary beat frequency (CBF)
cell survival/cytotoxicity
protein kinase C (PKC) activity
effect of PKC inhibitors on EMF-induced CBF change

Limitations

Exposure duration not reported in abstract
Sample size not reported in abstract
In vitro model; generalizability to in vivo human nasal mucosa function not established in abstract

View raw extracted JSON

{
  "study_type": "in_vitro",
  "exposure": {
    "band": "RF",
    "source": null,
    "frequency_mhz": 1800,
    "sar_wkg": 1,
    "duration": null
  },
  "population": null,
  "sample_size": null,
  "outcomes": [
    "ciliary beat frequency (CBF)",
    "cell survival/cytotoxicity",
    "protein kinase C (PKC) activity",
    "effect of PKC inhibitors on EMF-induced CBF change"
  ],
  "main_findings": "Human nasal mucosa cells exposed to a 1.8 GHz continuous EMF (SAR=1.0 W/kg) showed decreased ciliary beat frequency compared with controls, without a detected difference in survival rates. PKC activity increased in the EMF-exposed group, and PKC inhibitors (Calphostin C and an nPKC inhibitor GF 109203X) abolished the EMF-induced CBF decrease, while a cPKC inhibitor (Gö-6976) did not attenuate it.",
  "effect_direction": "harm",
  "limitations": [
    "Exposure duration not reported in abstract",
    "Sample size not reported in abstract",
    "In vitro model; generalizability to in vivo human nasal mucosa function not established in abstract"
  ],
  "evidence_strength": "low",
  "confidence": 0.78,
  "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
  "keywords": [
    "1.8 GHz",
    "RF-EMF",
    "SAR 1.0 W/kg",
    "human nasal mucosa cells",
    "mucociliary transport",
    "ciliary beat frequency",
    "PKC",
    "nPKC",
    "Calphostin C",
    "GF 109203X",
    "Gö-6976"
  ],
  "suggested_hubs": []
}

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AI-extracted fields are generated from the abstract and metadata and may be incomplete or incorrect. This material is for informational purposes and is not medical advice.

Identifiers and source

DOI: 10.1002/lary.23620
PubMed: 23060235

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