RF Safe

Effects of simultaneous combined exposure to CDMA and WCDMA electromagnetic fields on serum hormone levels in rats.

Journal of radiation research · 2013 · No effect · Low evidence

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No effectLow evidencePaper 4486

Rats exposed simultaneously to CDMA (849 MHz) and WCDMA (1.95 GHz) RF-EMF for up to 8 weeks (whole-body average SAR 2.0 W/kg each; total 4.0 W/kg) showed no changes in serum melatonin, TSH, T3, T4, ACTH, testosterone, or estrogen at 8 weeks as measured by ELI…

Study snapshot

PublicationJournal of radiation research · 2013
Study typeanimal
Reported directionNo effect
Evidence ratingLow

Abstract

Despite more than a decade of research on the endocrine system, there have been no published studies about the effects of concurrent exposure of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF) on this system. The present study investigated the several parameters of the endocrine system including melatonin, thyroid stimulating hormone, stress hormone and sex hormone after code division multiple access (CDMA, 849 MHz) and wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA, 1.95 GHz) signals for simultaneous exposure in rats. Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to RF-EMF signals for 45 min/day, 5 days/week for up to 8 weeks. The whole-body average specific absorption rate (SAR) of CDMA or WCDMA was 2.0 W/kg (total 4.0 W/kg). At 4 and 8 weeks after the experiment began, each experimental group's 40 rats (male 20, female 20) were autopsied. Exposure for 8 weeks to simultaneous CDMA and WCDMA RF did not affect serum levels in rats of melatonin, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxin (T4), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and sex hormones (testosterone and estrogen) as assessed by the ELISA method.

Machine Enhanced Logic

AI evidence extraction

Structured fields below were generated from the paper’s abstract and metadata to make the evidence easier to inspect. Automated extraction may be incomplete or incorrect; verify important details against the original paper.

Study typeanimal
Effect directionno_effect
PopulationSprague-Dawley rats (male and female)
Sample size40
ExposureRF · 4 W/kg · 45 min/day, 5 days/week, up to 8 weeks
Evidence strengthLowConfidence: 78% · Peer reviewed: yes

Main findings

Rats exposed simultaneously to CDMA (849 MHz) and WCDMA (1.95 GHz) RF-EMF for up to 8 weeks (whole-body average SAR 2.0 W/kg each; total 4.0 W/kg) showed no changes in serum melatonin, TSH, T3, T4, ACTH, testosterone, or estrogen at 8 weeks as measured by ELISA.

Outcomes measured

  • Serum melatonin
  • Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)
  • Triiodothyronine (T3)
  • Thyroxin (T4)
  • Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
  • Testosterone
  • Estrogen

Limitations

  • No effects reported only for serum hormone levels; other endocrine endpoints not described in abstract
  • Details on control/sham conditions and statistical methods not provided in abstract
  • Findings are from an animal model; human relevance not addressed in abstract
View raw extracted JSON
{
  "study_type": "animal",
  "exposure": {
    "band": "RF",
    "source": null,
    "frequency_mhz": null,
    "sar_wkg": 4,
    "duration": "45 min/day, 5 days/week, up to 8 weeks"
  },
  "population": "Sprague-Dawley rats (male and female)",
  "sample_size": 40,
  "outcomes": [
    "Serum melatonin",
    "Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)",
    "Triiodothyronine (T3)",
    "Thyroxin (T4)",
    "Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)",
    "Testosterone",
    "Estrogen"
  ],
  "main_findings": "Rats exposed simultaneously to CDMA (849 MHz) and WCDMA (1.95 GHz) RF-EMF for up to 8 weeks (whole-body average SAR 2.0 W/kg each; total 4.0 W/kg) showed no changes in serum melatonin, TSH, T3, T4, ACTH, testosterone, or estrogen at 8 weeks as measured by ELISA.",
  "effect_direction": "no_effect",
  "limitations": [
    "No effects reported only for serum hormone levels; other endocrine endpoints not described in abstract",
    "Details on control/sham conditions and statistical methods not provided in abstract",
    "Findings are from an animal model; human relevance not addressed in abstract"
  ],
  "evidence_strength": "low",
  "confidence": 0.78,
  "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
  "keywords": [
    "radiofrequency electromagnetic fields",
    "RF-EMF",
    "CDMA",
    "WCDMA",
    "simultaneous exposure",
    "rats",
    "Sprague-Dawley",
    "SAR",
    "endocrine system",
    "hormones",
    "melatonin",
    "thyroid hormones",
    "ACTH",
    "testosterone",
    "estrogen"
  ],
  "suggested_hubs": []
}
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AI-extracted fields are generated from the abstract and metadata and may be incomplete or incorrect. This material is for informational purposes and is not medical advice.

Identifiers and source

DOI: 10.1093/jrr/rrs120
PubMed: 23239176

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