A Low-Sidelobe Fully Metallic Ridge Gap Waveguide Antenna Array for W-Band Applications.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026 · Unclear · Insufficient evidence

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UnclearInsufficient evidencePaper 2405

A fully metallic ridge gap waveguide W-band array antenna is presented and measured. Reported measurements include reflection coefficient below -10 dB across 92.5103.5 GHz, in-band gain exceeding 25.8 dBi with <1 dB fluctuation, radiation efficiency >78%, s…

Study snapshot

PublicationSensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026

Study typeengineering

Reported directionUnclear

Evidence ratingInsufficient

Abstract

To address the critical demand for high-gain, low-sidelobe, and high-efficiency antennas in W-band arrays, this work presents a low-sidelobe all-metal array antenna based on ridge gap waveguide technology. The design employs a three-layer contactless metal structure, integrating a stepped-ridge feeding network with Taylor amplitude distribution and a higher-order mode resonant cavity. This integration enables efficient power distribution and low-loss transmission while eliminating the need for conventional welding or bonding processes. Measurement results indicate that the antenna exhibits a reflection coefficient below -10 dB across the 92.5-103.5 GHz. The in-band gain exceeds 25.8 dBi with less than 1 dB fluctuation, and the radiation efficiency surpasses 78%. Specifically, the sidelobe levels in both E- and H-planes remain below -17.5 dB, reaching under -19.5 dB at 94 GHz, while cross-polarization is better than -30 dB. The proposed antenna demonstrates high gain, low sidelobe, and high efficiency, showing promising potential for applications in millimeter-wave radar, imaging, and 6G communication systems.

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AI evidence extraction

Structured fields below were generated from the paper’s abstract and metadata to make the evidence easier to inspect. Automated extraction may be incomplete or incorrect; verify important details against the original paper.

Study typeengineering

Effect directionunclear

PopulationNot supplied

Sample sizeNot supplied

ExposuremmWave

Evidence strengthInsufficientConfidence: 74% · Peer reviewed: yes

Main findings

Outcomes measured

Antenna reflection coefficient (S11) bandwidth
In-band antenna gain (dBi) and gain fluctuation
Radiation efficiency (%)
Sidelobe levels (E- and H-planes)
Cross-polarization level

View raw extracted JSON

{
  "study_type": "engineering",
  "exposure": {
    "band": "mmWave",
    "source": "other",
    "frequency_mhz": null,
    "sar_wkg": null,
    "duration": null
  },
  "population": null,
  "sample_size": null,
  "outcomes": [
    "Antenna reflection coefficient (S11) bandwidth",
    "In-band antenna gain (dBi) and gain fluctuation",
    "Radiation efficiency (%)",
    "Sidelobe levels (E- and H-planes)",
    "Cross-polarization level"
  ],
  "main_findings": "A fully metallic ridge gap waveguide W-band array antenna is presented and measured. Reported measurements include reflection coefficient below -10 dB across 92.5103.5 GHz, in-band gain exceeding 25.8 dBi with <1 dB fluctuation, radiation efficiency >78%, sidelobe levels below -17.5 dB (under -19.5 dB at 94 GHz), and cross-polarization better than -30 dB.",
  "effect_direction": "unclear",
  "limitations": [],
  "evidence_strength": "insufficient",
  "confidence": 0.74,
  "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
  "keywords": [
    "W-band",
    "millimeter-wave",
    "ridge gap waveguide",
    "antenna array",
    "low sidelobe",
    "high gain",
    "radiation efficiency",
    "6G"
  ],
  "suggested_hubs": []
}

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AI-extracted fields are generated from the abstract and metadata and may be incomplete or incorrect. This material is for informational purposes and is not medical advice.

Identifiers and source

DOI: 10.3390/s26020602
PubMed: 41600398

Read the original paper →

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