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Radiation Effect Analysis on Human Head Caused by Different Frequencies of Mobile Phone Antenna

2022 · Mixed · Very low evidence

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MixedVery low evidencePaper 528

COMSOL simulations using a three-layer ball head model reported maximum SAR values of 1.41 W/kg for microwave-band antennas and 4.4 W/kg for millimeter-wave antennas. The authors report that millimeter-wave antennas produced higher radiation energy than micro…

Study snapshot

Publicationmanual · 2022
Study typeengineering
Reported directionMixed
Evidence ratingVery low

Abstract

Radiation Effect Analysis on Human Head Caused by Different Frequencies of Mobile Phone Antenna Zhang X, Zhou W. Radiation Effect Analysis on Human Head Caused by Different Frequencies of Mobile Phone Antenna. 2022 International Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society Symposium (ACES-China), Xuzhou, China, 2022, pp. 1-3, doi: 10.1109/ACES-China56081.2022.10065276. Abstract This article discusses the bio-electromagnetic effects of the human head who exposure to the different operation frequency of three kinds of mobile phones. Three kinds of exposure sources with microwave and millimeter-wave bands respectively, which include the dual-band PIFA antenna operating at 900 MHz and 1860 MHz, the patch antenna operating at 3.5 GHz and the dual-band millimeter-wave antenna operating at 27 GHz and 40 GHz. We take a three-layer ball head model as the human head, and use the COMSOL Multiphysics software to simulate the specific absorption rate (SAR) and the absorbed power density (Sab) and temperature rise performance in the human head. The maximum SAR in human head is 1.41 W/kg and 4.4 W/kg, when it exposed to the microwave antenna and millimeter-wave antenna respectively. The results show that the millimeter-wave antennas have higher radiation energy than the microwave antennas for the human head model. The radiation dose absorbed in the human tissues are all below the limit restriction. doi.org

Machine Enhanced Logic

AI evidence extraction

Structured fields below were generated from the paper’s abstract and metadata to make the evidence easier to inspect. Automated extraction may be incomplete or incorrect; verify important details against the original paper.

Study typeengineering
Effect directionmixed
PopulationThree-layer ball head model (human head model)
Sample sizeNot supplied
Exposuremicrowave and mmWave
Evidence strengthVery lowConfidence: 74% · Peer reviewed: unknown

Main findings

COMSOL simulations using a three-layer ball head model reported maximum SAR values of 1.41 W/kg for microwave-band antennas and 4.4 W/kg for millimeter-wave antennas. The authors report that millimeter-wave antennas produced higher radiation energy than microwave antennas in this model, and that absorbed dose in tissues was below limit restrictions.

Outcomes measured

  • specific absorption rate (SAR)
  • absorbed power density (Sab)
  • temperature rise

Limitations

  • Simulation/modeling study using a simplified three-layer spherical head model rather than human participants
  • Exposure conditions and duration not described in the abstract
  • No explicit reporting of input power, distance/positioning, or averaging mass for SAR in the abstract
  • Only maximum SAR values reported; limited detail on Sab and temperature rise results
View raw extracted JSON
{
  "study_type": "engineering",
  "exposure": {
    "band": "microwave and mmWave",
    "source": "mobile phone antenna",
    "frequency_mhz": null,
    "sar_wkg": null,
    "duration": null
  },
  "population": "Three-layer ball head model (human head model)",
  "sample_size": null,
  "outcomes": [
    "specific absorption rate (SAR)",
    "absorbed power density (Sab)",
    "temperature rise"
  ],
  "main_findings": "COMSOL simulations using a three-layer ball head model reported maximum SAR values of 1.41 W/kg for microwave-band antennas and 4.4 W/kg for millimeter-wave antennas. The authors report that millimeter-wave antennas produced higher radiation energy than microwave antennas in this model, and that absorbed dose in tissues was below limit restrictions.",
  "effect_direction": "mixed",
  "limitations": [
    "Simulation/modeling study using a simplified three-layer spherical head model rather than human participants",
    "Exposure conditions and duration not described in the abstract",
    "No explicit reporting of input power, distance/positioning, or averaging mass for SAR in the abstract",
    "Only maximum SAR values reported; limited detail on Sab and temperature rise results"
  ],
  "evidence_strength": "very_low",
  "confidence": 0.74,
  "peer_reviewed_likely": "unknown",
  "keywords": [
    "mobile phone",
    "antenna",
    "PIFA",
    "patch antenna",
    "millimeter-wave",
    "microwave",
    "900 MHz",
    "1860 MHz",
    "3.5 GHz",
    "27 GHz",
    "40 GHz",
    "COMSOL",
    "SAR",
    "absorbed power density",
    "temperature rise"
  ],
  "suggested_hubs": [
    {
      "slug": "5g-policy",
      "weight": 0.55,
      "reason": "Includes 3.5 GHz and 27/40 GHz (bands used for 5G) and evaluates SAR/power density in a head model."
    }
  ]
}
AI can be wrong. Always verify against the paper.

AI-extracted fields are generated from the abstract and metadata and may be incomplete or incorrect. This material is for informational purposes and is not medical advice.

Identifiers and source

DOI: 10.1109/aces-china56081.2022.10065276
PubMed: Not supplied

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