Trends and patterns of incidence of diffuse glioma in adults in the United States, 1973-2014

Cancer Med. · 2018 · Unclear · Low evidence

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UnclearLow evidencePaper 1898

The overall incidence of adult diffuse glioma decreased slowly from 1985 to 2014. Glioblastoma incidence increased from 1978 to 2014, while nonglioblastoma incidence decreased significantly from 1982 to 2014. Age-period-cohort modeling showed distinct period …

Study snapshot

PublicationCancer Med. · 2018

Study typeecological

Reported directionUnclear

Evidence ratingLow

Abstract

Trends and patterns of incidence of diffuse glioma in adults in the United States, 1973-2014 Li K, Lu D, Guo Y, Wang C, Liu X, Liu Y, Liu D. Trends and patterns of incidence of diffuse glioma in adults in the United States, 1973-2014. Cancer Med. 2018 Oct;7(10):5281-5290. doi: 10.1002/cam4.1757. Abstract INTRODUCTION: The objective of the study was to identify trends in incidence of adult diffuse gliomas in the United States and evaluate the contribution of age, period, and cohort effects to the trends. METHODS: Using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results 9 database, primary diffuse glioma patients (≥20 years old) diagnosed from 1973 to 2014 were identified. Incidence trends were analyzed using joinpoint regression and age-period-cohort modeling. RESULTS: Overall, the incidence for adult glioma decreased slowly from 1985 to 2014 (annual percent change [APC] = 0.5%, 95% confidence intervals [CI], 0.3%-0.6%). In histology subtype-stratified analysis, glioblastoma and nonglioblastoma exhibited opposite trends. The incidence for glioblastoma increased from 1978 to 2014 (APC for year 1978-1992 = 2.7%, 95% CI, 1.8%-3.6%; APC for 1992-2014 = 0.3%, 95% CI, 0%-0.6%), while the incidence for nonglioblastoma decreased significantly from 1982 to 2014 (APC = 2.2%, 95% CI, 2.0%-2.5%). Age- period-cohort modeling revealed significant period and cohort effects, with the patterns for glioblastoma and nonglioblastoma distinctive from each other. Compared with adults born 1890s, those born 1920s had approximately 4-fold the risk of glioblastoma after adjustment of age and period effects, while the risk of nonglioblastoma was reduced by half in individuals in the 1939 cohort as compared with those in the 1909 cohort. CONCLUSIONS: The results support the hypothesis of etiological heterogeneity of diffuse gliomas by histology subtypes. The established risk factors cannot fully explain the distinct patterns by histology subtypes, which necessitate further epidemiological studies. Open access paper: ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

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AI evidence extraction

Structured fields below were generated from the paper’s abstract and metadata to make the evidence easier to inspect. Automated extraction may be incomplete or incorrect; verify important details against the original paper.

Study typeecological

Effect directionunclear

PopulationAdults (≥20 years old) in the United States

Sample sizeNot supplied

ExposureNot supplied

Evidence strengthLowConfidence: 30% · Peer reviewed: yes

Main findings

Outcomes measured

incidence of diffuse glioma
incidence of glioblastoma
incidence of nonglioblastoma

Limitations

Study is observational and descriptive, limiting causal inference.
Exposure to specific risk factors was not assessed or controlled for.
Data based on registry records which may have classification or reporting biases.

View raw extracted JSON

{
  "study_type": "ecological",
  "exposure": {
    "band": null,
    "source": null,
    "frequency_mhz": null,
    "sar_wkg": null,
    "duration": null
  },
  "population": "Adults (≥20 years old) in the United States",
  "sample_size": null,
  "outcomes": [
    "incidence of diffuse glioma",
    "incidence of glioblastoma",
    "incidence of nonglioblastoma"
  ],
  "main_findings": "The overall incidence of adult diffuse glioma decreased slowly from 1985 to 2014. Glioblastoma incidence increased from 1978 to 2014, while nonglioblastoma incidence decreased significantly from 1982 to 2014. Age-period-cohort modeling showed distinct period and cohort effects for glioblastoma and nonglioblastoma, suggesting etiological heterogeneity by histology subtype.",
  "effect_direction": "unclear",
  "limitations": [
    "Study is observational and descriptive, limiting causal inference.",
    "Exposure to specific risk factors was not assessed or controlled for.",
    "Data based on registry records which may have classification or reporting biases."
  ],
  "evidence_strength": "low",
  "confidence": 0.3,
  "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
  "keywords": [
    "diffuse glioma",
    "glioblastoma",
    "incidence trends",
    "age-period-cohort",
    "epidemiology",
    "United States"
  ],
  "suggested_hubs": []
}

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AI-extracted fields are generated from the abstract and metadata and may be incomplete or incorrect. This material is for informational purposes and is not medical advice.

Identifiers and source

DOI: 10.1002/cam4.1757
PubMed: Not supplied

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