The radio-protective effect of rosmarinic acid against mobile phone and Wi-Fi radiation-induced oxidative stress in the brains of rats

2020 · Mixed · Low evidence

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MixedLow evidencePaper 1575

Study snapshot

Publicationmanual · 2020

Study typeanimal

Reported directionMixed

Evidence ratingLow

Abstract

The radio-protective effect of rosmarinic acid against mobile phone and Wi-Fi radiation-induced oxidative stress in the brains of rats Asl JF, Goudarzi M, Shoghi H. The radio-protective effect of rosmarinic acid against mobile phone and Wi-Fi radiation-induced oxidative stress in the brains of rats. Pharmacol Rep. 2020 Mar 3. doi: 10.1007/s43440-020- 00063-9. Abstract BACKGROUND: Rosmarinus officinalis L. is an aromatic perennial herb from which rosmarinic acid (RA) can be extracted. This research was conducted to assess the effectiveness of RA against radio frequency (RF) radiation- induced oxidative stress due to 915 MHz (mobile phone) and 2450 MHz (Wi-Fi) frequencies in rats. METHODS: The animals were separated into six groups, including group 1 receiving normal saline (NS), group 2 (NS/Wi-Fi) and group 4 (NS/mobile), which received NS plus 60 min/day of exposure to the electromagnetic radiation (EMR) for 1 month, group 3 (RA/Wi-Fi) and group 5 (RA/mobile) received RA (20 mg/kg/day, po) plus 60 min/day of EMR, and group 6 (RA) received only RA. RESULTS: There was a significant elevation of protein carbonylation (PC), nitric oxide (NO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) and significant reduction in glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in the RF radiation-exposed rats' brain compared to the control group. RA reduced the levels of NO, PC and MDA and it also elevated the TAC, GPx, SOD, CAT and GSH levels in the rats' brains in the RA/Wi-Fi and RA/mobile groups compared to the NS/Wi-Fi and NS/mobile groups, respectively. CONCLUSION: It can be concluded that RA can be considered a useful candidate for protecting brain tissues against RF radiation-induced oxidative stress at 915 and 2450 MHz frequencies through ameliorative effects on the antioxidant enzyme activities and oxidative stress indices. ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

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AI evidence extraction

Structured fields below were generated from the paper’s abstract and metadata to make the evidence easier to inspect. Automated extraction may be incomplete or incorrect; verify important details against the original paper.

Study typeanimal

Effect directionmixed

PopulationRats

Sample sizeNot supplied

ExposureRF · 60 min/day for 1 month

Evidence strengthLowConfidence: 78% · Peer reviewed: yes

Main findings

Rats exposed to RF radiation (915 MHz mobile phone or 2450 MHz Wi-Fi; 60 min/day for 1 month) showed increased protein carbonylation, nitric oxide, and malondialdehyde and decreased glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, total antioxidant capacity, superoxide dismutase, and catalase in brain tissue versus controls. Rosmarinic acid (20 mg/kg/day, oral) given during exposure reduced oxidative stress markers and increased antioxidant measures compared with saline-exposed counterparts.

Outcomes measured

Brain oxidative stress markers (protein carbonylation, nitric oxide, malondialdehyde)
Brain antioxidant status/enzymes (glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, total antioxidant capacity, superoxide dismutase, catalase)

Limitations

Sample size not reported in abstract
SAR/dosimetry details not reported in abstract
Exposure setup details not reported in abstract (e.g., power density, distance, modulation)
Animal study; generalizability to humans not addressed in abstract

View raw extracted JSON

{
  "study_type": "animal",
  "exposure": {
    "band": "RF",
    "source": "mobile phone and Wi-Fi",
    "frequency_mhz": null,
    "sar_wkg": null,
    "duration": "60 min/day for 1 month"
  },
  "population": "Rats",
  "sample_size": null,
  "outcomes": [
    "Brain oxidative stress markers (protein carbonylation, nitric oxide, malondialdehyde)",
    "Brain antioxidant status/enzymes (glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, total antioxidant capacity, superoxide dismutase, catalase)"
  ],
  "main_findings": "Rats exposed to RF radiation (915 MHz mobile phone or 2450 MHz Wi-Fi; 60 min/day for 1 month) showed increased protein carbonylation, nitric oxide, and malondialdehyde and decreased glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, total antioxidant capacity, superoxide dismutase, and catalase in brain tissue versus controls. Rosmarinic acid (20 mg/kg/day, oral) given during exposure reduced oxidative stress markers and increased antioxidant measures compared with saline-exposed counterparts.",
  "effect_direction": "mixed",
  "limitations": [
    "Sample size not reported in abstract",
    "SAR/dosimetry details not reported in abstract",
    "Exposure setup details not reported in abstract (e.g., power density, distance, modulation)",
    "Animal study; generalizability to humans not addressed in abstract"
  ],
  "evidence_strength": "low",
  "confidence": 0.78,
  "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
  "keywords": [
    "rosmarinic acid",
    "Rosmarinus officinalis",
    "radiofrequency radiation",
    "mobile phone",
    "Wi-Fi",
    "915 MHz",
    "2450 MHz",
    "oxidative stress",
    "antioxidant enzymes",
    "rat brain"
  ],
  "suggested_hubs": [
    {
      "slug": "school-wi-fi",
      "weight": 0.55,
      "reason": "Includes Wi-Fi (2450 MHz) RF exposure."
    }
  ]
}

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AI-extracted fields are generated from the abstract and metadata and may be incomplete or incorrect. This material is for informational purposes and is not medical advice.

Identifiers and source

DOI: 10.1007/s43440-020
PubMed: Not supplied

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