Effect of electromagnetic radiation on redox status, acetylcholine esterase activity and cellular damage contributing to the diminution of the brain working memory in rats

2020 · Harm · Low evidence

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HarmLow evidencePaper 1557

Rats exposed to 900 MHz microwave radiation for 90 days showed increased MDA and depleted antioxidant/redox enzymes, decreased acetylcholinesterase, hippocampal cellular degeneration, and reduced working memory in a time-dependent manner compared with sham-ex…

Study snapshot

Publicationmanual · 2020

Study typeanimal

Reported directionHarm

Evidence ratingLow

Abstract

Effect of electromagnetic radiation on redox status, acetylcholine esterase activity and cellular damage contributing to the diminution of the brain working memory in rats Sharma S, Shukla S. Effect of electromagnetic radiation on redox status, acetylcholine esterase activity and cellular damage contributing to the diminution of the brain working memory in rats. J Chem Neuroanat. 2020 Mar 20:101784. doi: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2020.101784. Abstract Behavioral impairments are the most pragmatic outcome of long-term mobile uses but the underlying causes are still poorly understood. Therefore, the Aim of the present study to determine the possible mechanism of mobile induced behavioral alterations by observing redox status, cholinesterase activity, cellular, genotoxic damage and cognitive alterations in rat hippocampus. This study was carried out on 24 male Wistar rats, randomly divided into four groups (n = 6 in each group): group I consisted of sham-exposed (control) rats, group II-IV consisted of rats exposed to microwave radiation (900 MHz) at different time duration 1 h, 2 h, and 4 h respectively for 90 days. After 90 days of exposure, rats were assessing learning ability by using T-Maze. A significantly increased level of malondialdehyde (MDA) with concomitantly depleted levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and redox enzymes (GSH, GPX, GR, GST, G-6PDH) indicated an exposure of mobile emitted EMR induced oxidative stress by the depleted redox status of brain cells. The depletion in the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) level reveals altered neurotransmission in brain cells. Resultant cellular degeneration was also observed in the radiation-exposed hippocampus. Conclusively, the present study revealed that microwave radiation induces oxidative stress, depleted redox status, and causes DNA damage with the subsequent reduction in working memory in a time-dependent manner. This study provides insight over the associative reciprocity between redox status, cellular degeneration and reduced cholinergic activity, which presumably leads to the behavioral alterations following mobile emitted electromagnetic radiation. ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

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AI evidence extraction

Structured fields below were generated from the paper’s abstract and metadata to make the evidence easier to inspect. Automated extraction may be incomplete or incorrect; verify important details against the original paper.

Study typeanimal

Effect directionharm

PopulationMale Wistar rats

Sample size24

ExposureRF · 900 MHz · 1 h, 2 h, or 4 h per day for 90 days

Evidence strengthLowConfidence: 78% · Peer reviewed: yes

Main findings

Outcomes measured

Working memory/learning ability (T-maze)
Oxidative stress markers (MDA, SOD, CAT)
Redox enzymes (GSH, GPX, GR, GST, G-6PDH)
Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) level/activity
Cellular degeneration in hippocampus
DNA/genotoxic damage

Limitations

SAR not reported
Exposure setup/details beyond frequency and daily duration not described in abstract
Small group sizes (n=6 per group)
Animal study; generalizability to humans is uncertain

View raw extracted JSON

{
  "study_type": "animal",
  "exposure": {
    "band": "RF",
    "source": "mobile phone",
    "frequency_mhz": 900,
    "sar_wkg": null,
    "duration": "1 h, 2 h, or 4 h per day for 90 days"
  },
  "population": "Male Wistar rats",
  "sample_size": 24,
  "outcomes": [
    "Working memory/learning ability (T-maze)",
    "Oxidative stress markers (MDA, SOD, CAT)",
    "Redox enzymes (GSH, GPX, GR, GST, G-6PDH)",
    "Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) level/activity",
    "Cellular degeneration in hippocampus",
    "DNA/genotoxic damage"
  ],
  "main_findings": "Rats exposed to 900 MHz microwave radiation for 90 days showed increased MDA and depleted antioxidant/redox enzymes, decreased acetylcholinesterase, hippocampal cellular degeneration, and reduced working memory in a time-dependent manner compared with sham-exposed controls.",
  "effect_direction": "harm",
  "limitations": [
    "SAR not reported",
    "Exposure setup/details beyond frequency and daily duration not described in abstract",
    "Small group sizes (n=6 per group)",
    "Animal study; generalizability to humans is uncertain"
  ],
  "evidence_strength": "low",
  "confidence": 0.78,
  "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
  "keywords": [
    "900 MHz",
    "microwave radiation",
    "mobile emitted EMR",
    "rats",
    "hippocampus",
    "oxidative stress",
    "redox status",
    "acetylcholinesterase",
    "DNA damage",
    "working memory",
    "T-maze"
  ],
  "suggested_hubs": [
    {
      "slug": "mobile-phones-rf",
      "weight": 0.9,
      "reason": "Exposure described as mobile-emitted electromagnetic radiation at 900 MHz with behavioral and biochemical outcomes in rats."
    }
  ]
}

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AI-extracted fields are generated from the abstract and metadata and may be incomplete or incorrect. This material is for informational purposes and is not medical advice.

Identifiers and source

DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2020.101784
PubMed: Not supplied

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