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The Effect of an Anthropogenic Magnetic Field on the Early Developmental Stages of Fishes-A Review

International journal of molecular sciences · 2021 · Mixed · Insufficient evidence

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MixedInsufficient evidencePaper 1231

The review summarizes studies reporting that anthropogenic magnetic/electromagnetic fields in aquatic environments can affect multiple fish life processes, particularly early developmental stages, with effects depending on field strength, exposure time, and s…

Study snapshot

PublicationInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2021
Study typereview
Reported directionMixed
Evidence ratingInsufficient

Abstract

The Effect of an Anthropogenic Magnetic Field on the Early Developmental Stages of Fishes-A Review Krzysztof Formicki, Agata Korzelecka-Orkisz, Adam Tański. The Effect of an Anthropogenic Magnetic Field on the Early Developmental Stages of Fishes-A Review. Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Jan 26;22(3):1210. doi: 10.3390/ijms22031210. Abstract The number of sources of anthropogenic magnetic and electromagnetic fields generated by various underwater facilities, industrial equipment, and transferring devices in aquatic environment is increasing. These have an effect on an array of fish life processes, but especially the early developmental stages. The magnitude of these effects depends on field strength and time of exposure and is species-specific. We review studies on the effect of magnetic fields on the course of embryogenesis, with special reference to survival, the size of the embryos, embryonic motor function, changes in pigment cells, respiration hatching, and directional reactions. We also describe the effect of magnetic fields on sperm motility and egg activation. Magnetic fields can exert positive effects, as in the case of the considerable extension of sperm capability of activation, or have a negative influence in the form of a disturbance in heart rate or developmental instability in inner ear organs. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Machine Enhanced Logic

AI evidence extraction

Structured fields below were generated from the paper’s abstract and metadata to make the evidence easier to inspect. Automated extraction may be incomplete or incorrect; verify important details against the original paper.

Study typereview
Effect directionmixed
PopulationFishes (early developmental stages; also sperm and eggs)
Sample sizeNot supplied
ExposureNot supplied
Evidence strengthInsufficientConfidence: 74% · Peer reviewed: yes

Main findings

The review summarizes studies reporting that anthropogenic magnetic/electromagnetic fields in aquatic environments can affect multiple fish life processes, particularly early developmental stages, with effects depending on field strength, exposure time, and species. Reported effects include both positive outcomes (e.g., extension of sperm activation capability) and negative outcomes (e.g., disturbed heart rate or developmental instability in inner ear organs).

Outcomes measured

  • embryogenesis course
  • survival
  • embryo size
  • embryonic motor function
  • pigment cell changes
  • respiration
  • hatching
  • directional reactions
  • sperm motility
  • egg activation
  • heart rate
  • developmental stability of inner ear organs
View raw extracted JSON
{
  "study_type": "review",
  "exposure": {
    "band": null,
    "source": "underwater facilities, industrial equipment, and transferring devices in aquatic environment",
    "frequency_mhz": null,
    "sar_wkg": null,
    "duration": null
  },
  "population": "Fishes (early developmental stages; also sperm and eggs)",
  "sample_size": null,
  "outcomes": [
    "embryogenesis course",
    "survival",
    "embryo size",
    "embryonic motor function",
    "pigment cell changes",
    "respiration",
    "hatching",
    "directional reactions",
    "sperm motility",
    "egg activation",
    "heart rate",
    "developmental stability of inner ear organs"
  ],
  "main_findings": "The review summarizes studies reporting that anthropogenic magnetic/electromagnetic fields in aquatic environments can affect multiple fish life processes, particularly early developmental stages, with effects depending on field strength, exposure time, and species. Reported effects include both positive outcomes (e.g., extension of sperm activation capability) and negative outcomes (e.g., disturbed heart rate or developmental instability in inner ear organs).",
  "effect_direction": "mixed",
  "limitations": [],
  "evidence_strength": "insufficient",
  "confidence": 0.74,
  "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
  "keywords": [
    "anthropogenic magnetic field",
    "electromagnetic fields",
    "aquatic environment",
    "fish",
    "early development",
    "embryogenesis",
    "sperm motility",
    "egg activation",
    "hatching",
    "heart rate",
    "inner ear"
  ],
  "suggested_hubs": [
    {
      "slug": "occupational-exposure",
      "weight": 0.2,
      "reason": "Mentions industrial equipment as a source of anthropogenic magnetic/electromagnetic fields, though the focus is aquatic/fish development rather than human occupational exposure."
    }
  ]
}
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AI-extracted fields are generated from the abstract and metadata and may be incomplete or incorrect. This material is for informational purposes and is not medical advice.

Identifiers and source

DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031210
PubMed: 33530555

Read the original paper →

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