RF Safe

Exposure to RF Electromagnetic Fields in the Connected Vehicle: Survey of Existing and Forthcoming Scenarios

2022 · No effect · Low evidence

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No effectLow evidencePaper 841

This survey summarizes and compares outcomes from past studies of EMF exposure in cars across multiple in-vehicle connectivity technologies. The reviewed results suggested that in no case was EMF exposure above the safe limits for the general population.

Study snapshot

Publicationmanual · 2022
Study typereview
Reported directionNo effect
Evidence ratingLow

Abstract

Exposure to RF Electromagnetic Fields in the Connected Vehicle: Survey of Existing and Forthcoming Scenarios G. Tognola, M. Bonato, M. Benini, S. Aerts, S. Gallucci, E. Chiaramello, S. Fiocchi, M. Parazzini, B. Masini, W. Joseph, J. Wiart, P. Ravazzani. Exposure to RF Electromagnetic Fields in the Connected Vehicle: Survey of Existing and Forthcoming Scenarios.IEEE Access, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3170035. Abstract Future vehicles will be increasingly connected to enable new applications and improve safety, traffic efficiency and comfort, through the use of several wireless access technologies, ranging from vehicle-to-everything (V2X) connectivity to automotive radar sensing and Internet of Things (IoT) technologies for intra-car wireless sensor networks. These technologies span the radiofrequency (RF) range, from a few hundred MHz as in intra-car network of sensors to hundreds of GHz as in automotive radars used for in-vehicle occupant detection and advanced driver assistance systems. Vehicle occupants and road users in the vicinity of the connected vehicle are thus daily immersed in a multi-source and multi-band electromagnetic field (EMF) generated by such technologies. This paper is the first comprehensive and specific survey about EMF exposure generated by the whole ensemble of connectivity technologies in cars. For each technology we describe the main characteristics, relevant standards, the application domain, and the typical deployment in modern cars. We then extensively characterize the EMF exposure scenarios resulting from such technologies by resuming and comparing the outcomes from past studies on the exposure in the car. Results from past studies suggested that in no case EMF exposure was above the safe limits for the general population. Finally, open challenges for a more realistic characterization of the EMF exposure scenario in the connected car are discussed. Open access paper: ieeexplore.ieee.org

Machine Enhanced Logic

AI evidence extraction

Structured fields below were generated from the paper’s abstract and metadata to make the evidence easier to inspect. Automated extraction may be incomplete or incorrect; verify important details against the original paper.

Study typereview
Effect directionno_effect
PopulationVehicle occupants and road users in the vicinity of connected vehicles
Sample sizeNot supplied
ExposureRF
Evidence strengthLowConfidence: 74% · Peer reviewed: yes

Main findings

This survey summarizes and compares outcomes from past studies of EMF exposure in cars across multiple in-vehicle connectivity technologies. The reviewed results suggested that in no case was EMF exposure above the safe limits for the general population.

Outcomes measured

  • RF-EMF exposure levels in/around connected vehicles relative to general-population safety limits

Limitations

  • Survey/review; no original exposure measurements reported in the abstract
  • Specific exposure metrics (e.g., field strength, SAR), frequencies per scenario, and quantitative results are not provided in the abstract
  • Conclusions depend on the scope and quality of the past studies reviewed
View raw extracted JSON
{
  "study_type": "review",
  "exposure": {
    "band": "RF",
    "source": "connected vehicle (V2X, automotive radar, IoT/intra-car wireless sensor networks)",
    "frequency_mhz": null,
    "sar_wkg": null,
    "duration": null
  },
  "population": "Vehicle occupants and road users in the vicinity of connected vehicles",
  "sample_size": null,
  "outcomes": [
    "RF-EMF exposure levels in/around connected vehicles relative to general-population safety limits"
  ],
  "main_findings": "This survey summarizes and compares outcomes from past studies of EMF exposure in cars across multiple in-vehicle connectivity technologies. The reviewed results suggested that in no case was EMF exposure above the safe limits for the general population.",
  "effect_direction": "no_effect",
  "limitations": [
    "Survey/review; no original exposure measurements reported in the abstract",
    "Specific exposure metrics (e.g., field strength, SAR), frequencies per scenario, and quantitative results are not provided in the abstract",
    "Conclusions depend on the scope and quality of the past studies reviewed"
  ],
  "evidence_strength": "low",
  "confidence": 0.74,
  "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
  "keywords": [
    "RF-EMF",
    "connected vehicle",
    "V2X",
    "automotive radar",
    "IoT",
    "intra-car wireless sensor networks",
    "exposure assessment",
    "multi-source",
    "multi-band",
    "general population limits"
  ],
  "suggested_hubs": [
    {
      "slug": "occupational-exposure",
      "weight": 0.2,
      "reason": "Mentions exposure scenarios for vehicle occupants and nearby road users; not explicitly occupational but includes real-world exposure contexts."
    }
  ]
}
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AI-extracted fields are generated from the abstract and metadata and may be incomplete or incorrect. This material is for informational purposes and is not medical advice.

Identifiers and source

DOI: 10.1109/access.2022.3170035
PubMed: Not supplied

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