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Lung Cell Toxicity of Co-Exposure to Airborne Particulate Matter and Extremely Low-Frequency Magnetic Field

Xenobiotica; the fate of foreign compounds in biological systems · 2022 · Mixed · Low evidence

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In A549 human lung cells, total particulate matter (TPM) exposure increased toxicity indicators including MDA generation, glutathione depletion, and DNA damage at doses below the LD50. Co-exposure to TPM and a simulated 900 mG ELF magnetic field decreased oxi…

Study snapshot

PublicationXenobiotica; the fate of foreign compounds in biological systems · 2022
Study typein_vitro
Reported directionMixed
Evidence ratingLow

Abstract

Lung Cell Toxicity of Co-Exposure to Airborne Particulate Matter and Extremely Low-Frequency Magnetic Field Zahra Panjali, Parviz Abdolmaleki, Behnam Hajipour, Omar Hahad, Rezvan Zendehdel. Lung Cell Toxicity of Co- Exposure to Airborne Particulate Matter and Extremely Low-Frequency Magnetic Field. Xenobiotica. 2022 May 24;1-34. doi: 10.1080/00498254.2022.2082342. Abstract Although the toxic effects of urban airborne particulate matter (PM) have been known on lung cells, there is less attention to co-exposure to PM and extremely low frequency magnetic (ELF-MF) in occupational settings. The present study investigated the influences of PM and ELF-MF co-exposure on toxicity in human lung cells (A549). In this case, total PM (TPM) was evaluated according to NIOSH-0500. The TPM SiO2 and metal contents were determined based on NIOSH-7602 and 7302, respectively. Besides, 900 mG ELF-MF exposure was simulated based on field measurements. The toxicity mechanisms were assessed by examining malondialdehyde, glutathione ratio, gene expression, and DNA strand breaks. Also, the toxicity indicators of the TPM samples were MDA generation, glutathione depletion, and DNA damage, and their impacts were analyzed at doses below the LD50 (4 µg). In addition, gene expression of OGG1 and MTH1 was upregulated after TPM exposure at the lowest dose (2 µg). But ITPA was upregulated in the presence of ELF-MF. The co-exposure to TPM and ELF-MF decreased oxidative stress and DNA damage levels compared to a single exposure to TPM. Although the ELF-MF reduced toxicity in response to TPM, this reduction was not lower than the unexposed cells. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Machine Enhanced Logic

AI evidence extraction

Structured fields below were generated from the paper’s abstract and metadata to make the evidence easier to inspect. Automated extraction may be incomplete or incorrect; verify important details against the original paper.

Study typein_vitro
Effect directionmixed
PopulationHuman lung cells (A549)
Sample sizeNot supplied
ExposureELF
Evidence strengthLowConfidence: 74% · Peer reviewed: yes

Main findings

In A549 human lung cells, total particulate matter (TPM) exposure increased toxicity indicators including MDA generation, glutathione depletion, and DNA damage at doses below the LD50. Co-exposure to TPM and a simulated 900 mG ELF magnetic field decreased oxidative stress and DNA damage compared with TPM alone, but effects were not reduced below levels in unexposed cells.

Outcomes measured

  • Malondialdehyde (MDA) generation
  • Glutathione ratio/depletion
  • Gene expression (OGG1, MTH1, ITPA)
  • DNA strand breaks / DNA damage
  • Oxidative stress

Limitations

  • In vitro cell model (A549) may not generalize to humans or occupational settings
  • Exposure duration not stated in the abstract
  • Frequency of the ELF magnetic field not stated in the abstract
  • Sample size/replicates not reported in the abstract
  • Co-exposure findings described relative to TPM-only and unexposed cells without full quantitative details in the abstract
View raw extracted JSON
{
  "study_type": "in_vitro",
  "exposure": {
    "band": "ELF",
    "source": "occupational",
    "frequency_mhz": null,
    "sar_wkg": null,
    "duration": null
  },
  "population": "Human lung cells (A549)",
  "sample_size": null,
  "outcomes": [
    "Malondialdehyde (MDA) generation",
    "Glutathione ratio/depletion",
    "Gene expression (OGG1, MTH1, ITPA)",
    "DNA strand breaks / DNA damage",
    "Oxidative stress"
  ],
  "main_findings": "In A549 human lung cells, total particulate matter (TPM) exposure increased toxicity indicators including MDA generation, glutathione depletion, and DNA damage at doses below the LD50. Co-exposure to TPM and a simulated 900 mG ELF magnetic field decreased oxidative stress and DNA damage compared with TPM alone, but effects were not reduced below levels in unexposed cells.",
  "effect_direction": "mixed",
  "limitations": [
    "In vitro cell model (A549) may not generalize to humans or occupational settings",
    "Exposure duration not stated in the abstract",
    "Frequency of the ELF magnetic field not stated in the abstract",
    "Sample size/replicates not reported in the abstract",
    "Co-exposure findings described relative to TPM-only and unexposed cells without full quantitative details in the abstract"
  ],
  "evidence_strength": "low",
  "confidence": 0.74,
  "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
  "keywords": [
    "extremely low-frequency magnetic field",
    "ELF-MF",
    "particulate matter",
    "TPM",
    "A549",
    "lung cells",
    "oxidative stress",
    "DNA damage",
    "malondialdehyde",
    "glutathione",
    "OGG1",
    "MTH1",
    "ITPA",
    "co-exposure",
    "occupational"
  ],
  "suggested_hubs": [
    {
      "slug": "occupational-exposure",
      "weight": 0.78,
      "reason": "Abstract frames PM and ELF-MF co-exposure as relevant to occupational settings and simulates ELF-MF based on field measurements."
    }
  ]
}
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AI-extracted fields are generated from the abstract and metadata and may be incomplete or incorrect. This material is for informational purposes and is not medical advice.

Identifiers and source

DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2022.2082342
PubMed: 35608272

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