Assessment of DNA Damage in Chick Embryo Brains Exposed to 2G and 3G Cell Phone Radiation using Alkaline Comet Assay Technique

2021 · Harm · Low evidence

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HarmLow evidencePaper 676

Compared with sham-exposed controls, 2G- and 3G-exposed chick embryo brains showed increased mean comet length, mean tail length, mean %DNA in tail (all p<0.001) and mean tail moment (p<0.01), consistent with increased DNA damage. Changes were reported as mor…

Study snapshot

Publicationmanual · 2021

Study typeanimal

Reported directionHarm

Evidence ratingLow

Abstract

Assessment of DNA Damage in Chick Embryo Brains Exposed to 2G and 3G Cell Phone Radiation using Alkaline Comet Assay Technique D'Silva MH, Swer RT, Anbalagan J, Bhargavan R.Assessment of DNA Damage in Chick Embryo Brains Exposed to 2G and 3G Cell Phone Radiation using Alkaline Comet Assay Technique.J Clin of Diagn Res. 2021; 15(1):AC01- AC04. doi: 10.7860/JCDR/2021/47115/14441. Abstract Introduction The cellular phones/mobile phones have emerged as the fastest growing man-made phenomenon ever discovered in the history. Controversies still exist among the scientific community regarding the ill-effects of Radiofrequency Radiation (RFR) exposure from cell phones on biological tissues. The present study will provide an insight into the basic mechanisms by which RF fields interact with developing brain in an embryo. Aim To assess the possible Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) damage in developing brain of chick embryo following chronic exposure to Ultra-High Frequency/Radiofrequency Radiation (UHF/RFR) emitted from 2G and 3G cell phone. Materials and Methods Fertilised hen eggs were divided into three groups. Experimental Group A (exposed to 2G radiation, 24 eggs), Experimental Group B (exposed to 3G radiation, 24 eggs) and Group C sham exposed control group (24 eggs). After the completion of scheduled duration of exposure (72 minutes per day), the chick embryos were sacrificed from 9th-12th day and the brains were disdivted out. The chick embryo brains were then subjected to alkaline comet assay technique to assess the DNA damage. The results were statistically compared using one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Results In the present study, the exposure of chick embryo brains to 2G and 3G cell phone radiation caused increased mean comet length (p<0.001), mean tail length (p<0.001), mean percentage of DNA in the tail (p<0.001) and mean tail moment (p<0.01) suggestive of increased DNA damage. Conclusion The present study concludes that the RFR exposure caused significant increase in DNA damage in developing brain of chick embryos with changes more pronounced in 3G exposure group Open access paper: jcdr.net 709x&year=2021&volume=15&issue=1&page=AC01&issn=0973-709x&id=14441

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AI evidence extraction

Structured fields below were generated from the paper’s abstract and metadata to make the evidence easier to inspect. Automated extraction may be incomplete or incorrect; verify important details against the original paper.

Study typeanimal

Effect directionharm

PopulationChick embryos (fertilised hen eggs)

Sample size72

ExposureRF · 72 minutes per day (chronic exposure); embryos sacrificed day 9–12

Evidence strengthLowConfidence: 78% · Peer reviewed: yes

Main findings

Outcomes measured

DNA damage in chick embryo brain assessed by alkaline comet assay (mean comet length, tail length, %DNA in tail, tail moment)

Limitations

Exposure frequency and SAR were not reported in the abstract.
Details of exposure setup/distance and dosimetry are not provided in the abstract.
Only comet assay endpoints are described; no other neurodevelopmental outcomes reported in the abstract.
Timing window and total number of exposure days are not fully specified beyond sacrifice days (9th–12th day).

View raw extracted JSON

{
  "study_type": "animal",
  "exposure": {
    "band": "RF",
    "source": "mobile phone",
    "frequency_mhz": null,
    "sar_wkg": null,
    "duration": "72 minutes per day (chronic exposure); embryos sacrificed day 9–12"
  },
  "population": "Chick embryos (fertilised hen eggs)",
  "sample_size": 72,
  "outcomes": [
    "DNA damage in chick embryo brain assessed by alkaline comet assay (mean comet length, tail length, %DNA in tail, tail moment)"
  ],
  "main_findings": "Compared with sham-exposed controls, 2G- and 3G-exposed chick embryo brains showed increased mean comet length, mean tail length, mean %DNA in tail (all p<0.001) and mean tail moment (p<0.01), consistent with increased DNA damage. Changes were reported as more pronounced in the 3G exposure group.",
  "effect_direction": "harm",
  "limitations": [
    "Exposure frequency and SAR were not reported in the abstract.",
    "Details of exposure setup/distance and dosimetry are not provided in the abstract.",
    "Only comet assay endpoints are described; no other neurodevelopmental outcomes reported in the abstract.",
    "Timing window and total number of exposure days are not fully specified beyond sacrifice days (9th–12th day)."
  ],
  "evidence_strength": "low",
  "confidence": 0.78,
  "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
  "keywords": [
    "chick embryo",
    "brain",
    "DNA damage",
    "alkaline comet assay",
    "radiofrequency radiation",
    "UHF",
    "2G",
    "3G",
    "mobile phone radiation"
  ],
  "suggested_hubs": [
    {
      "slug": "animal-studies",
      "weight": 0.9,
      "reason": "Experimental exposure study in chick embryos assessing biological effects."
    }
  ]
}

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AI-extracted fields are generated from the abstract and metadata and may be incomplete or incorrect. This material is for informational purposes and is not medical advice.

Identifiers and source

DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2021/47115/14441
PubMed: Not supplied

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