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Empirical study on specific absorption rate of head tissues due to induced heating of 4G cell phone radiation

2021 · Unclear · Low evidence

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UnclearLow evidencePaper 675

Using a human-head phantom exposed to 4G mobile phone radiation for 600 s and more, average temperature rises were reported as 0.10 ± 0.05 °C in brain (30 mm depth), 0.03 ± 0.02 °C in the eye socket, and 0.14 ± 0.05 °C in skin. Estimated SAR (1 g tissue) was …

Study snapshot

Publicationmanual · 2021
Study typeexposure_assessment
Reported directionUnclear
Evidence ratingLow

Abstract

Empirical study on specific absorption rate of head tissues due to induced heating of 4G cell phone radiation Bindhu Christopher, Sheena Mary Y, Mayeen Uddin Khandaker, P.J. Jojo. Empirical study on specific absorption rate of head tissues due to induced heating of 4G cell phone radiation. Radiation Physics and Chemistry. Volume 178, 2021. doi: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2020.108910. Abstract Exposures to electromagnetic radiation mainly from the extended use of mobile phones may initiate biological damages in the human body at the macromolecular level. Several studies on human and animal models have shown significant changes in the functions of neural cells. Present empirical study analyses the thermal changes and the specific absorption rates (SAR) of brain, eye and skin tissues due to prolonged exposure to mobile phone radiation. A phantom, simulating human head with skin, skull and brain was used for the study. The Phantom was exposed to radiation for longer durations (600 s and more) and the temperature variations at different specific points were studied with sensitive thermocouple probes. SAR (1 g of contiguous tissue) values were determined using the variations of temperature and other parameters. The average rise in brain temperature was found to be 0.10 ± 0.05 °C at 30 mm deep in the brain and the estimated SAR was 0.66 ± 0.35 Wkg-1. The increase in temperature for the eye socket was 0.03 ± 0.02 °C with SAR 0.15 ± 0.08 Wkg-1. The average rise in temperature for skin was 0.14 ± 0.05 °C and the SAR was 0.66 ± 0.42 Wkg-1. Although the measured SAR lie within the safe limit of 2 Wkg-1 recommended by the international regulatory body, considering the tremendous growth in the number of mobile phone users and prolonged use of mobile phone in communication purposes, the cumulative effects could be a real concern for human health. sciencedirect.com

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AI evidence extraction

Structured fields below were generated from the paper’s abstract and metadata to make the evidence easier to inspect. Automated extraction may be incomplete or incorrect; verify important details against the original paper.

Study typeexposure_assessment
Effect directionunclear
PopulationNot supplied
Sample sizeNot supplied
ExposureRF · 600 s and more
Evidence strengthLowConfidence: 74% · Peer reviewed: yes

Main findings

Using a human-head phantom exposed to 4G mobile phone radiation for 600 s and more, average temperature rises were reported as 0.10 ± 0.05 °C in brain (30 mm depth), 0.03 ± 0.02 °C in the eye socket, and 0.14 ± 0.05 °C in skin. Estimated SAR (1 g tissue) was 0.66 ± 0.35 W/kg for brain, 0.15 ± 0.08 W/kg for eye socket, and 0.66 ± 0.42 W/kg for skin; the authors state measured SAR values are within the 2 W/kg recommended limit.

Outcomes measured

  • Temperature change in brain/eye/skin (phantom measurements)
  • Specific absorption rate (SAR) in 1 g contiguous tissue (brain/eye/skin)

Limitations

  • Phantom-based study (not human participants)
  • Frequency and phone/model/exposure conditions not specified in the provided abstract
  • Only thermal changes and derived SAR reported; no direct biological/clinical outcomes
View raw extracted JSON
{
  "study_type": "exposure_assessment",
  "exposure": {
    "band": "RF",
    "source": "mobile phone",
    "frequency_mhz": null,
    "sar_wkg": null,
    "duration": "600 s and more"
  },
  "population": null,
  "sample_size": null,
  "outcomes": [
    "Temperature change in brain/eye/skin (phantom measurements)",
    "Specific absorption rate (SAR) in 1 g contiguous tissue (brain/eye/skin)"
  ],
  "main_findings": "Using a human-head phantom exposed to 4G mobile phone radiation for 600 s and more, average temperature rises were reported as 0.10 ± 0.05 °C in brain (30 mm depth), 0.03 ± 0.02 °C in the eye socket, and 0.14 ± 0.05 °C in skin. Estimated SAR (1 g tissue) was 0.66 ± 0.35 W/kg for brain, 0.15 ± 0.08 W/kg for eye socket, and 0.66 ± 0.42 W/kg for skin; the authors state measured SAR values are within the 2 W/kg recommended limit.",
  "effect_direction": "unclear",
  "limitations": [
    "Phantom-based study (not human participants)",
    "Frequency and phone/model/exposure conditions not specified in the provided abstract",
    "Only thermal changes and derived SAR reported; no direct biological/clinical outcomes"
  ],
  "evidence_strength": "low",
  "confidence": 0.74,
  "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
  "keywords": [
    "4G",
    "mobile phone radiation",
    "specific absorption rate",
    "SAR",
    "phantom",
    "head tissues",
    "brain",
    "eye",
    "skin",
    "temperature rise",
    "thermocouple"
  ],
  "suggested_hubs": []
}
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AI-extracted fields are generated from the abstract and metadata and may be incomplete or incorrect. This material is for informational purposes and is not medical advice.

Identifiers and source

DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2020.108910
PubMed: Not supplied

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