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All-natural-molecule, bioluminescent photodynamic therapy results in complete tumor regression and prevents metastasis.

Biomaterials · 2023 · Benefit · Insufficient evidence

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BenefitInsufficient evidencePaper 6777

Bioluminescence photodynamic therapy (BL-PDT) using BRET conjugates of Chlorin e6 and Renilla reniformis luciferase produced effective targeted cancer cell killing. In an orthotopic mouse model of 4T1 triple-negative breast cancer, BL-PDT showed strong therap…

Study snapshot

PublicationBiomaterials · 2023
Study typeanimal
Reported directionBenefit
Evidence ratingInsufficient

Abstract

Self-luminescent photodynamic therapy (PDT) has gained attention owing to its potential to enable effective phototherapy without the bottleneck of shallow light penetration into tissues. However, the biosafety concerns and low cytotoxic effect of self-luminescent reagents in vivo have been problems. Here, we demonstrate efficacious bioluminescence (BL)-PDT by using bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) conjugates of a clinically approved photosensitizer, Chlorin e6, and a luciferase, Renilla reniformis; both derived from biocompatible, natural molecules. With over 80% biophoton utilization efficiency and membrane-fusion liposome-assisted intracellular delivery, these conjugates produce effective, targeted cancer cell killing. Specifically, in an orthotopic mouse model of 4T1 triple-negative breast cancer, BL-PDT showed strong therapeutic effects on large primary tumors and a neoadjuvant outcome in invasive tumors. Furthermore, BL-PDT resulted in complete tumor remission and prevention of metastasis for early-stage tumors. Our results demonstrate the promise of molecularly-activated, clinically viable, depth-unlimited phototherapy.

Machine Enhanced Logic

AI evidence extraction

Structured fields below were generated from the paper’s abstract and metadata to make the evidence easier to inspect. Automated extraction may be incomplete or incorrect; verify important details against the original paper.

Study typeanimal
Effect directionbenefit
PopulationOrthotopic mouse model of 4T1 triple-negative breast cancer
Sample sizeNot supplied
ExposureNot supplied
Evidence strengthInsufficientConfidence: 74% · Peer reviewed: yes

Main findings

Bioluminescence photodynamic therapy (BL-PDT) using BRET conjugates of Chlorin e6 and Renilla reniformis luciferase produced effective targeted cancer cell killing. In an orthotopic mouse model of 4T1 triple-negative breast cancer, BL-PDT showed strong therapeutic effects on large primary tumors and, for early-stage tumors, complete remission and prevention of metastasis.

Outcomes measured

  • Targeted cancer cell killing
  • Therapeutic effects on large primary tumors
  • Neoadjuvant outcome in invasive tumors
  • Complete tumor remission (early-stage tumors)
  • Prevention of metastasis (early-stage tumors)

Limitations

  • Sample size not reported in abstract
  • No EMF exposure parameters (frequency, SAR, duration) described in abstract
  • Details on controls/comparators and statistical results not provided in abstract
View raw extracted JSON
{
  "study_type": "animal",
  "exposure": {
    "band": null,
    "source": null,
    "frequency_mhz": null,
    "sar_wkg": null,
    "duration": null
  },
  "population": "Orthotopic mouse model of 4T1 triple-negative breast cancer",
  "sample_size": null,
  "outcomes": [
    "Targeted cancer cell killing",
    "Therapeutic effects on large primary tumors",
    "Neoadjuvant outcome in invasive tumors",
    "Complete tumor remission (early-stage tumors)",
    "Prevention of metastasis (early-stage tumors)"
  ],
  "main_findings": "Bioluminescence photodynamic therapy (BL-PDT) using BRET conjugates of Chlorin e6 and Renilla reniformis luciferase produced effective targeted cancer cell killing. In an orthotopic mouse model of 4T1 triple-negative breast cancer, BL-PDT showed strong therapeutic effects on large primary tumors and, for early-stage tumors, complete remission and prevention of metastasis.",
  "effect_direction": "benefit",
  "limitations": [
    "Sample size not reported in abstract",
    "No EMF exposure parameters (frequency, SAR, duration) described in abstract",
    "Details on controls/comparators and statistical results not provided in abstract"
  ],
  "evidence_strength": "insufficient",
  "confidence": 0.74,
  "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
  "keywords": [
    "photodynamic therapy",
    "bioluminescence",
    "bioluminescence resonance energy transfer",
    "BRET",
    "Chlorin e6",
    "Renilla reniformis luciferase",
    "liposome-assisted delivery",
    "4T1",
    "triple-negative breast cancer",
    "mouse model",
    "tumor regression",
    "metastasis prevention"
  ],
  "suggested_hubs": []
}
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AI-extracted fields are generated from the abstract and metadata and may be incomplete or incorrect. This material is for informational purposes and is not medical advice.

Identifiers and source

DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122079
PubMed: 36889146

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