Inclusion of mobile phone usage guidelines in universal hypertension management protocol: an opinion

Front Cardiovasc Med. · 2024 · Unclear · Insufficient evidence

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UnclearInsufficient evidencePaper 6653

Study snapshot

PublicationFront Cardiovasc Med. · 2024

Study typeother

Reported directionUnclear

Evidence ratingInsufficient

Abstract

Burden of hypertension According to a global analysis published in The Lancet in 2019, the estimated global prevalence of hypertension among adults was approximately 1.13 billion, or 26.1% of the population aged 20 years and older (1). This prevalence has increased from 594 million in 1975, indicating a substantial rise over the years (1). Hypertension is a leading risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, including heart disease and stroke. The Global Burden of Disease study estimated that high blood pressure (BP) was responsible for approximately 10.8 million deaths worldwide in 2019, accounting for 19.4% of all deaths. Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) represent the burden of disease, combining the years of life lost due to premature mortality and the years lived with disability. In 2019, hypertension was responsible for 182.6 million DALYs globally, indicating a significant impact on disability and overall health (2). The burden of hypertension in India is a significant public health concern due to its high prevalence and association with cardiovascular diseases. According to a large-scale national study, the India State-Level Disease Burden Initiative, published in The Lancet Global Health in 2018, the prevalence of hypertension among adults in India was estimated to be approximately 29.8%. This study reported that approximately 199.5 million individuals in India were affected by hypertension (3). Hypertension-related mortality contributes to a substantial burden in India. According to the Global Burden of Disease study, in 2019, high blood pressure was responsible for approximately 1.6 million deaths in India, accounting for 14.1% of total deaths (4). Hypertension also has a significant impact on disability and overall health in India. The India State-Level Disease Burden Initiative estimated that hypertension accounted for 2.4 million DALYs in India in 2017, representing a considerable burden of disease (5). A study published in 2020 examined the risk factors associated with hypertension in India. It found that factors such as older age, urban residence, higher body mass index (BMI), and diabetes were significantly associated with hypertension (3). Another study also highlighted the low awareness and control rates of hypertension in India, emphasizing the need for improved screening and management (6). Blood pressure is typically checked using a device called a sphygmomanometer. There are two main types of blood pressure measurements: manual (using an aneroid or mercury sphygmomanometer) and automated (using an electronic or digital device). As per standard guidelines, the person having their blood pressure checked should be seated comfortably in a quiet environment; the guidelines also recommend refraining from talking as talking may include the use of mobile phones for a few minutes before the blood pressure measurement. The individual should avoid smoking, caffeine, and exercise for at least 30min before the blood pressure measurement (7).Problem statement It is not uncommon for patients to use their mobile phones to surf the Internet while waiting in queues, including those at doctor's offices. Mobile devices provide easy access to various forms of entertainment, information, and communication, making them a convenient way to pass the time. The use of social media and mobile devices has become pervasive in today's society, and although they offer many benefits, they can also contribute to mental health disorders such as stress and anxiety in individuals.

Machine Enhanced Logic

AI evidence extraction

Structured fields below were generated from the paper’s abstract and metadata to make the evidence easier to inspect. Automated extraction may be incomplete or incorrect; verify important details against the original paper.

Study typeother

Effect directionunclear

PopulationNot supplied

Sample sizeNot supplied

ExposureNot supplied

Evidence strengthInsufficientConfidence: 66% · Peer reviewed: yes

Main findings

This article is an opinion proposing that mobile phone usage guidelines be considered within hypertension management protocols, noting that patients commonly use mobile phones while waiting for care and that standard blood pressure measurement guidance recommends a quiet environment and refraining from talking before measurement (with mobile phone use mentioned in that context). No original exposure measurements or health effect estimates are reported in the provided abstract.

Outcomes measured

blood pressure measurement conditions/guidelines
hypertension management protocol (opinion)
stress/anxiety (mentioned as potential issue)

Limitations

Opinion piece; no original study design, exposure quantification, or effect estimates described in the provided abstract
Frequency/SAR/duration of mobile phone exposure not reported
Population and sample size not applicable/not reported

View raw extracted JSON

{
  "study_type": "other",
  "exposure": {
    "band": null,
    "source": "mobile phone",
    "frequency_mhz": null,
    "sar_wkg": null,
    "duration": null
  },
  "population": null,
  "sample_size": null,
  "outcomes": [
    "blood pressure measurement conditions/guidelines",
    "hypertension management protocol (opinion)",
    "stress/anxiety (mentioned as potential issue)"
  ],
  "main_findings": "This article is an opinion proposing that mobile phone usage guidelines be considered within hypertension management protocols, noting that patients commonly use mobile phones while waiting for care and that standard blood pressure measurement guidance recommends a quiet environment and refraining from talking before measurement (with mobile phone use mentioned in that context). No original exposure measurements or health effect estimates are reported in the provided abstract.",
  "effect_direction": "unclear",
  "limitations": [
    "Opinion piece; no original study design, exposure quantification, or effect estimates described in the provided abstract",
    "Frequency/SAR/duration of mobile phone exposure not reported",
    "Population and sample size not applicable/not reported"
  ],
  "evidence_strength": "insufficient",
  "confidence": 0.66,
  "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
  "keywords": [
    "hypertension",
    "blood pressure measurement",
    "mobile phone use",
    "guidelines",
    "protocol",
    "stress",
    "anxiety"
  ],
  "suggested_hubs": []
}

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AI-extracted fields are generated from the abstract and metadata and may be incomplete or incorrect. This material is for informational purposes and is not medical advice.

Identifiers and source

DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1367167
PubMed: 38873264

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