Effects of low level microwave radiation on carcinogenesis in Swiss Albino mice.

Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2011 · No effect · Low evidence

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No effectLow evidencePaper 6499

Study snapshot

PublicationMolecular and cellular biochemistry · 2011

Study typeanimal

Reported directionNo effect

Evidence ratingLow

Abstract

This study concerns with the multiple treatment of the target site to potent carcinogen and the super imposition of low level radiofrequency and microwave radiation. Swiss albino mice (male) were used for this investigation. The study has been divided in two parts, part A: a single dose of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) 100 μg/animal was applied topically on the skin of mice and were exposed to 112 MHz amplitude modulated (AM) at 16 Hz (power density 1.0 mW/cm(2), specific absorption rate (SAR) 0.75 W/kg). Similarly after a single dose of DMBA, mice were exposed to 2.45 GHz radiation (power density of 0.34 mW/cm(2), SAR, 0.1 W/kg), 2 h/day, 3 days a week for a period of 16 weeks. The two sets of experiments were carried out separately. Part B: mice were transplanted intraperitoneally (ip) with ascites 8 × 10(8) (Ehrlich-Lettre ascites, strain E) carcinoma cells per mouse. These mice were exposed to 112 MHz amplitude modulated at 16 Hz and 2.45 GHz radiation separately for a period of 14 days. There was no tumor development in mice exposed to RF and MW. Similarly a topical application of single dose of DMBA followed by RF/MW exposure also did not produce any visible extra tumor on the skin of mice. On the other hand mice were transplanted intraperitoneally with ascites (8 × 10(8) cell/ml) and subsequently exposed to above mentioned fields for 14 days showed a slight increase in the cell numbers as compared to the control group. However, the increase is insignificant. There were insignificant differences either in the mortality or cell proliferation among the control and exposed group. This results show that low level RF or MW do not alter tumor growth and development as evidenced by no observable change in tumor size.

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AI evidence extraction

Structured fields below were generated from the paper’s abstract and metadata to make the evidence easier to inspect. Automated extraction may be incomplete or incorrect; verify important details against the original paper.

Study typeanimal

Effect directionno_effect

PopulationSwiss albino mice (male)

Sample sizeNot supplied

ExposureRF · Part A: 2 h/day, 3 days/week for 16 weeks (after single topical DMBA dose). Part B: 14 days (after intraperitoneal transplantation of carcinoma cells).

Evidence strengthLowConfidence: 74% · Peer reviewed: yes

Main findings

In mice exposed to 112 MHz (AM at 16 Hz; SAR 0.75 W/kg) or 2.45 GHz (SAR 0.1 W/kg), the study reports no tumor development attributable to RF/microwave exposure and no visible extra skin tumors when exposure followed a single topical DMBA dose. In the ascites carcinoma model, exposed mice showed a slight but statistically insignificant increase in cell numbers, with insignificant differences in mortality or cell proliferation versus controls; overall, no observable change in tumor size was reported.

Outcomes measured

Tumor development/extra skin tumors after DMBA initiation
Tumor growth/size (ascites carcinoma model)
Ascites carcinoma cell number/proliferation
Mortality

Limitations

Sample size not reported in abstract.
Statistical methods and exact p-values not reported in abstract.
Exposure source/setup details (e.g., distance, modulation specifics beyond AM at 16 Hz, dosimetry methods) not fully described in abstract.
Outcome assessment methods for tumor size/visibility not described in abstract.

View raw extracted JSON

{
  "study_type": "animal",
  "exposure": {
    "band": "RF",
    "source": null,
    "frequency_mhz": null,
    "sar_wkg": null,
    "duration": "Part A: 2 h/day, 3 days/week for 16 weeks (after single topical DMBA dose). Part B: 14 days (after intraperitoneal transplantation of carcinoma cells)."
  },
  "population": "Swiss albino mice (male)",
  "sample_size": null,
  "outcomes": [
    "Tumor development/extra skin tumors after DMBA initiation",
    "Tumor growth/size (ascites carcinoma model)",
    "Ascites carcinoma cell number/proliferation",
    "Mortality"
  ],
  "main_findings": "In mice exposed to 112 MHz (AM at 16 Hz; SAR 0.75 W/kg) or 2.45 GHz (SAR 0.1 W/kg), the study reports no tumor development attributable to RF/microwave exposure and no visible extra skin tumors when exposure followed a single topical DMBA dose. In the ascites carcinoma model, exposed mice showed a slight but statistically insignificant increase in cell numbers, with insignificant differences in mortality or cell proliferation versus controls; overall, no observable change in tumor size was reported.",
  "effect_direction": "no_effect",
  "limitations": [
    "Sample size not reported in abstract.",
    "Statistical methods and exact p-values not reported in abstract.",
    "Exposure source/setup details (e.g., distance, modulation specifics beyond AM at 16 Hz, dosimetry methods) not fully described in abstract.",
    "Outcome assessment methods for tumor size/visibility not described in abstract."
  ],
  "evidence_strength": "low",
  "confidence": 0.74,
  "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
  "keywords": [
    "Swiss albino mice",
    "carcinogenesis",
    "DMBA",
    "Ehrlich-Lettre ascites carcinoma",
    "radiofrequency",
    "microwave",
    "112 MHz",
    "2.45 GHz",
    "SAR",
    "power density"
  ],
  "suggested_hubs": []
}

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AI-extracted fields are generated from the abstract and metadata and may be incomplete or incorrect. This material is for informational purposes and is not medical advice.

Identifiers and source

DOI: 10.1007/s11010-010-0654-8
PubMed: 21086023

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