Evaluation of cognitive functions and EEG records in rats exposed to 2.45 GHz electromagnetic field

2022 · Mixed · Low evidence

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MixedLow evidencePaper 568

Study snapshot

Publicationmanual · 2022

Study typeanimal

Reported directionMixed

Evidence ratingLow

Abstract

Evaluation of cognitive functions and EEG records in rats exposed to 2.45 GHz electromagnetic field Yucel H, Dundar NO, Doguc DK, Uguz C, Celik O, Aksoy FT, Nazıroglu M, Comlekci S, Dundar B. Evaluation of cognitive functions and EEG records in rats exposed to 2.45 GHz electromagnetic field. Int J Radiat Res 2022, 20(4): 753-760. Abstract Background: Electromagnetic fields may primarily affect cognitive functions. It has not been elucidated how electromagnetic radiation affects the brain, particularly in the young age group. We aimed to examine the cognitive function, expression of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDA), and EEG alterations in weaned rats exposed to a 2.45 GHz electromagnetic field. Materials and Methods: Twenty-one weaned (21 days old) male Wistar Albino rats were divided into two groups as experimental group (n=12) and control group (n=9). Animals in the experimental group were exposed to a 2.45 GHz electromagnetic field for one hour a day for more than 28 days. At the end of this period, rats were subjected to training and learning test using Morris Water Maze. After obtaining EEG records, hippocampi were removed. 2A and 2B subunits of NMDA receptors were studied in hippocampal homogenates using the Western Blot method. Results: There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in measures of latency to target quadrant, time spent in the target quadrant, and average swim speed as compared in Morris water maze. However, the time to arrive at the visible platform was significantly longer in experimental animals. There were no statistically significant differences in expression of 2A and 2B subunits of NMDA receptors between the two groups. Evaluation of EEG records revealed that spike frequency was significantly higher and time to first spike was significantly shorter in the experimental group. Conclusion: These results indicated that a 2.45 GHz electromagnetic field might negatively affect EEG, motivation, and attention, particularly in the young age group. Open access paper: ijrr.com

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AI evidence extraction

Structured fields below were generated from the paper’s abstract and metadata to make the evidence easier to inspect. Automated extraction may be incomplete or incorrect; verify important details against the original paper.

Study typeanimal

Effect directionmixed

PopulationWeaned (21 days old) male Wistar Albino rats

Sample size21

Exposuremicrowave · 2450 MHz · 1 hour/day for more than 28 days

Evidence strengthLowConfidence: 78% · Peer reviewed: unknown

Main findings

No statistically significant differences were reported between exposed and control rats for Morris water maze measures of latency to target quadrant, time spent in target quadrant, or average swim speed; time to arrive at the visible platform was significantly longer in exposed animals. NMDA receptor 2A and 2B subunit expression did not differ significantly between groups. EEG showed significantly higher spike frequency and significantly shorter time to first spike in the exposed group.

Outcomes measured

Cognitive function/learning and memory (Morris Water Maze: latency to target quadrant, time in target quadrant, average swim speed, time to arrive at visible platform)
EEG measures (spike frequency, time to first spike)
Hippocampal NMDA receptor subunits expression (2A, 2B; Western blot)

Limitations

Exposure source and dosimetry (e.g., SAR) not reported in the abstract
Small sample size (n=21)
Only male rats studied
Animal model; generalizability to humans unclear

View raw extracted JSON

{
  "study_type": "animal",
  "exposure": {
    "band": "microwave",
    "source": null,
    "frequency_mhz": 2450,
    "sar_wkg": null,
    "duration": "1 hour/day for more than 28 days"
  },
  "population": "Weaned (21 days old) male Wistar Albino rats",
  "sample_size": 21,
  "outcomes": [
    "Cognitive function/learning and memory (Morris Water Maze: latency to target quadrant, time in target quadrant, average swim speed, time to arrive at visible platform)",
    "EEG measures (spike frequency, time to first spike)",
    "Hippocampal NMDA receptor subunits expression (2A, 2B; Western blot)"
  ],
  "main_findings": "No statistically significant differences were reported between exposed and control rats for Morris water maze measures of latency to target quadrant, time spent in target quadrant, or average swim speed; time to arrive at the visible platform was significantly longer in exposed animals. NMDA receptor 2A and 2B subunit expression did not differ significantly between groups. EEG showed significantly higher spike frequency and significantly shorter time to first spike in the exposed group.",
  "effect_direction": "mixed",
  "limitations": [
    "Exposure source and dosimetry (e.g., SAR) not reported in the abstract",
    "Small sample size (n=21)",
    "Only male rats studied",
    "Animal model; generalizability to humans unclear"
  ],
  "evidence_strength": "low",
  "confidence": 0.78,
  "peer_reviewed_likely": "unknown",
  "keywords": [
    "2.45 GHz",
    "microwave",
    "electromagnetic field",
    "rats",
    "weaned",
    "EEG",
    "cognitive function",
    "Morris water maze",
    "NMDA receptor",
    "hippocampus"
  ],
  "suggested_hubs": []
}

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AI-extracted fields are generated from the abstract and metadata and may be incomplete or incorrect. This material is for informational purposes and is not medical advice.

Identifiers and source

DOI: Not supplied
PubMed: Not supplied

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