A new sterilization technique of bovine pericardial biomaterial using microwave radiation.

Tissue engineering. Part C, Methods · 2009 · Benefit · Low evidence

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BenefitLow evidencePaper 6488

Using optimized nonthermal microwave parameters, near-complete inactivation of contaminant bacteria (E. coli and S. aureus) on bovine pericardial biomaterial was achieved. Mechanical, tensile, thermal, structural, and cytotoxicity assessments indicated microw…

Study snapshot

PublicationTissue engineering. Part C, Methods · 2009

Study typeother

Reported directionBenefit

Evidence ratingLow

Abstract

Bioprosthetic valves created from chemically treated natural tissues such as bovine pericardial biomaterial are used as heart valve scaffolds. Methods currently available for sterilization of biomaterial for transplantation include the application of gamma radiation and chemical sterilants. These techniques, however, can be problematic because they can be expensive and lead to a reduction in tissue integrity. Therefore, improved techniques are needed that are cost effective and do not disrupt the physical properties, functionality, and lifespan of the valvular leaflets. This study examined a novel technique using nonthermal microwave radiation that could lead to the inactivation of bacteria in bovine pericardial biomaterial without compromising valve durability. Two common pathogenic species of bacteria, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, were used as test microorganisms. Optimized microwave parameters were used to determine whether inactivation of pathogenic bacteria from bovine pericardium could be achieved. In addition, the effect of microwave sterilization on tissue integrity was examined. The mechanical properties (assessed using dynamic mechanical analysis) and tensile strength testing (using a Universal Tensile Tester) as well as thermal analysis (using thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry) indicated that microwave sterilization did not compromise the functionality of bovine pericardial biomaterial. Scanning electron microscopy imaging and cytotoxicity testing also confirmed that the structure and biocompatibility of transplant biomaterial remained unaltered after the sterilization process. Results from the application of this new microwave (MW) sterilization technique to bovine pericardium showed that near-complete inactivation of the contaminant bacteria was achieved. It is concluded that nonthermal inactivation of pathogenic bacteria from bovine pericardial biomaterial could be achieved using microwave radiation.

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AI evidence extraction

Structured fields below were generated from the paper’s abstract and metadata to make the evidence easier to inspect. Automated extraction may be incomplete or incorrect; verify important details against the original paper.

Study typeother

Effect directionbenefit

PopulationNot supplied

Sample sizeNot supplied

Exposuremicrowave

Evidence strengthLowConfidence: 74% · Peer reviewed: yes

Main findings

Outcomes measured

Bacterial inactivation (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus) on bovine pericardial biomaterial
Mechanical properties (dynamic mechanical analysis)
Tensile strength
Thermal properties (thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry)
Tissue structure (scanning electron microscopy)
Cytotoxicity/biocompatibility

Limitations

Frequency, power/SAR, and exposure duration were not reported in the abstract
Sample size and study design details were not reported in the abstract
Outcomes are limited to biomaterial/bacterial inactivation and material integrity; no human health outcomes

View raw extracted JSON

{
  "study_type": "other",
  "exposure": {
    "band": "microwave",
    "source": "other",
    "frequency_mhz": null,
    "sar_wkg": null,
    "duration": null
  },
  "population": null,
  "sample_size": null,
  "outcomes": [
    "Bacterial inactivation (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus) on bovine pericardial biomaterial",
    "Mechanical properties (dynamic mechanical analysis)",
    "Tensile strength",
    "Thermal properties (thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry)",
    "Tissue structure (scanning electron microscopy)",
    "Cytotoxicity/biocompatibility"
  ],
  "main_findings": "Using optimized nonthermal microwave parameters, near-complete inactivation of contaminant bacteria (E. coli and S. aureus) on bovine pericardial biomaterial was achieved. Mechanical, tensile, thermal, structural, and cytotoxicity assessments indicated microwave sterilization did not compromise tissue functionality, structure, or biocompatibility.",
  "effect_direction": "benefit",
  "limitations": [
    "Frequency, power/SAR, and exposure duration were not reported in the abstract",
    "Sample size and study design details were not reported in the abstract",
    "Outcomes are limited to biomaterial/bacterial inactivation and material integrity; no human health outcomes"
  ],
  "evidence_strength": "low",
  "confidence": 0.74,
  "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
  "keywords": [
    "microwave radiation",
    "nonthermal",
    "sterilization",
    "bovine pericardium",
    "biomaterial",
    "bioprosthetic valves",
    "Escherichia coli",
    "Staphylococcus aureus",
    "tissue integrity",
    "biocompatibility"
  ],
  "suggested_hubs": []
}

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AI-extracted fields are generated from the abstract and metadata and may be incomplete or incorrect. This material is for informational purposes and is not medical advice.

Identifiers and source

DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2008.0350
PubMed: 19563253

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