Crosstalk between 6-methyladenine and 4-methylcytosine in exposed to extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field.

iScience · 2024 · Mixed · Insufficient evidence

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MixedInsufficient evidencePaper 5830

Study snapshot

PublicationiScience · 2024

Study typeother

Reported directionMixed

Evidence ratingInsufficient

Abstract

4-Methylcytosine (4mC) and 6-methyladenine (6mA) are the most prevalent types of DNA modifications in prokaryotes. However, whether there is crosstalk between 4mC and 6mA remain unknown. Here, methylomes and transcriptomes of exposed to different intensities of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF) were investigated. Results showed that the second adenine of all the 5'-GTACAG-3' motif was modified to 6mA (M-6mA). For the other 6mA (O-6mA), the variation in their distance from the neighboring M-6mA increased with the intensity of ELF-EMF. Moreover, cytosine adjacent to O-6mA has a much higher probability of being modified to 4mC than cytosine adjacent to M-6mA, and the closer an unmodified cytosine is to 4mC, the higher the probability that the cytosine will be modified to 4mC. Furthermore, there was no significant correlation between DNA methylation and gene expression regulation. These results suggest a reference signal that goes from M-6mA to O-6mA to 4mC.

Machine Enhanced Logic

AI evidence extraction

Structured fields below were generated from the paper’s abstract and metadata to make the evidence easier to inspect. Automated extraction may be incomplete or incorrect; verify important details against the original paper.

Study typeother

Effect directionmixed

PopulationNot supplied

Sample sizeNot supplied

ExposureELF

Evidence strengthInsufficientConfidence: 66% · Peer reviewed: yes

Main findings

Methylomes and transcriptomes were investigated under different intensities of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF). The distance variation between certain 6mA sites (O-6mA) and neighboring motif-associated 6mA (M-6mA) increased with ELF-EMF intensity, and cytosines adjacent to O-6mA were more likely to be modified to 4mC than those adjacent to M-6mA. No significant correlation between DNA methylation and gene expression regulation was reported.

Outcomes measured

DNA methylation (6-methyladenine; 6mA)
DNA methylation (4-methylcytosine; 4mC)
Methylome changes across ELF-EMF intensities
Transcriptome / gene expression
Correlation between DNA methylation and gene expression

Limitations

Study organism/cell type not specified in the abstract
ELF-EMF frequency, exposure duration, and specific intensity values are not provided in the abstract
Sample size and replication details are not provided in the abstract
Findings are focused on prokaryotic DNA modifications; generalizability beyond the studied system is unclear from the abstract

View raw extracted JSON

{
  "study_type": "other",
  "exposure": {
    "band": "ELF",
    "source": null,
    "frequency_mhz": null,
    "sar_wkg": null,
    "duration": null
  },
  "population": null,
  "sample_size": null,
  "outcomes": [
    "DNA methylation (6-methyladenine; 6mA)",
    "DNA methylation (4-methylcytosine; 4mC)",
    "Methylome changes across ELF-EMF intensities",
    "Transcriptome / gene expression",
    "Correlation between DNA methylation and gene expression"
  ],
  "main_findings": "Methylomes and transcriptomes were investigated under different intensities of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF). The distance variation between certain 6mA sites (O-6mA) and neighboring motif-associated 6mA (M-6mA) increased with ELF-EMF intensity, and cytosines adjacent to O-6mA were more likely to be modified to 4mC than those adjacent to M-6mA. No significant correlation between DNA methylation and gene expression regulation was reported.",
  "effect_direction": "mixed",
  "limitations": [
    "Study organism/cell type not specified in the abstract",
    "ELF-EMF frequency, exposure duration, and specific intensity values are not provided in the abstract",
    "Sample size and replication details are not provided in the abstract",
    "Findings are focused on prokaryotic DNA modifications; generalizability beyond the studied system is unclear from the abstract"
  ],
  "evidence_strength": "insufficient",
  "confidence": 0.66,
  "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
  "keywords": [
    "extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field",
    "ELF-EMF",
    "DNA methylation",
    "6-methyladenine",
    "6mA",
    "4-methylcytosine",
    "4mC",
    "methylome",
    "transcriptome",
    "prokaryotes",
    "motif 5'-GTACAG-3'"
  ],
  "suggested_hubs": []
}

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AI-extracted fields are generated from the abstract and metadata and may be incomplete or incorrect. This material is for informational purposes and is not medical advice.

Identifiers and source

DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110607
PubMed: 39262814

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