Osteogenic effect of electromagnetic fields on stem cells derived from rat bone marrow cultured in osteogenic medium versus conditioned medium in vitro.

Cell and tissue banking · 2023 · Benefit · Low evidence

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BenefitLow evidencePaper 5727

Study snapshot

PublicationCell and tissue banking · 2023

Study typein_vitro

Reported directionBenefit

Evidence ratingLow

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: This study assessed possible osteogenic differentiation caused by electromagnetic fields (EMF) on rat bone-marrow-derived stem cells (rBMSCs) cultured in osteogenic medium (OM) or in human adipose-stem cell-conditioned medium (hADSC-CM). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The rBMSCs were divided into negative and positive control groups, cultured in α-MEM plus 10% FBS or OM respectively. CM and CM + EMF groups, cultured cells in hADSCs-CM or exposed to EMF (50 Hz, 1 mT) for 30 min/day plus hADSCs-CM, respectively. Cells from the OM + EMF were simultaneously cultured in OM and exposed to EMF. Osteogenesis was investigated through alkaline phosphatase activity, alizarin red staining and real-time PCR. RESULTS: A meaningfully higher level of ALP activity was observed in the OM + EMF group compared to the other groups. There was a considerable increase in Runx2 expression in the CM + EMF group compared to the positive control and CM groups and a significant increase in Runx2 expression in the OM + EMF in comparison with all other groups after 21 days. Runx2 expression increased significantly in the CM, CM + EMF and positive control groups on day 21 compared to the same groups on day 14. From days 14-21, Ocn expression increased in the CM and CM + EMF groups, but both groups showed a significant decrease compared to the positive controls. CM and EMF had no effect on Ocn expression. On day 21, Ocn expression was significantly higher in the OM + EMF group than in the positive control group. CONCLUSION: The synergistic effect of EMF and OM increased the expression of Runx2 and Ocn in rBMSCs.

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AI evidence extraction

Structured fields below were generated from the paper’s abstract and metadata to make the evidence easier to inspect. Automated extraction may be incomplete or incorrect; verify important details against the original paper.

Study typein_vitro

Effect directionbenefit

PopulationRat bone-marrow-derived stem cells (rBMSCs) cultured in vitro

Sample sizeNot supplied

ExposureELF · 50 Hz, 1 mT, 30 min/day

Evidence strengthLowConfidence: 78% · Peer reviewed: yes

Main findings

Exposure to EMF (50 Hz, 1 mT; 30 min/day) in osteogenic medium (OM+EMF) showed higher ALP activity than other groups and increased Runx2 and Ocn expression, with Ocn significantly higher than positive control at day 21. In conditioned medium (CM+EMF), Runx2 increased versus positive control and CM, while CM and EMF had no effect on Ocn expression and CM/CM+EMF had lower Ocn than positive controls.

Outcomes measured

Osteogenic differentiation
Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity
Alizarin red staining (mineralization)
Runx2 gene expression
Ocn (osteocalcin) gene expression

Limitations

In vitro study (cell culture), not directly generalizable to in vivo or human outcomes
Sample size not reported in abstract
Exposure characterization limited to frequency, flux density, and daily duration; other dosimetry details not provided
Multiple media conditions (OM vs conditioned medium) complicate attribution of effects solely to EMF

View raw extracted JSON

{
  "study_type": "in_vitro",
  "exposure": {
    "band": "ELF",
    "source": null,
    "frequency_mhz": null,
    "sar_wkg": null,
    "duration": "50 Hz, 1 mT, 30 min/day"
  },
  "population": "Rat bone-marrow-derived stem cells (rBMSCs) cultured in vitro",
  "sample_size": null,
  "outcomes": [
    "Osteogenic differentiation",
    "Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity",
    "Alizarin red staining (mineralization)",
    "Runx2 gene expression",
    "Ocn (osteocalcin) gene expression"
  ],
  "main_findings": "Exposure to EMF (50 Hz, 1 mT; 30 min/day) in osteogenic medium (OM+EMF) showed higher ALP activity than other groups and increased Runx2 and Ocn expression, with Ocn significantly higher than positive control at day 21. In conditioned medium (CM+EMF), Runx2 increased versus positive control and CM, while CM and EMF had no effect on Ocn expression and CM/CM+EMF had lower Ocn than positive controls.",
  "effect_direction": "benefit",
  "limitations": [
    "In vitro study (cell culture), not directly generalizable to in vivo or human outcomes",
    "Sample size not reported in abstract",
    "Exposure characterization limited to frequency, flux density, and daily duration; other dosimetry details not provided",
    "Multiple media conditions (OM vs conditioned medium) complicate attribution of effects solely to EMF"
  ],
  "evidence_strength": "low",
  "confidence": 0.78,
  "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
  "keywords": [
    "electromagnetic fields",
    "ELF-EMF",
    "50 Hz",
    "1 mT",
    "bone marrow stem cells",
    "rBMSCs",
    "osteogenic differentiation",
    "osteogenic medium",
    "conditioned medium",
    "Runx2",
    "osteocalcin",
    "ALP"
  ],
  "suggested_hubs": []
}

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AI-extracted fields are generated from the abstract and metadata and may be incomplete or incorrect. This material is for informational purposes and is not medical advice.

Identifiers and source

DOI: 10.1007/s10561-022-10034-4
PubMed: 36042070

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