RF Safe

Impact of Long-Term RF-EMF on Oxidative Stress and Neuroinflammation in Aging Brains of C57BL/6 Mice.

International journal of molecular sciences · 2018 · No effect · Low evidence

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No effectLow evidencePaper 5520

Aging was associated with significantly increased oxidative damage, DNA damage, apoptosis, and glial activation markers in mouse brains compared with a young group. Long-term 1950 MHz RF-EMF exposure (SAR 5 W/kg, 2 h/day, 5 d/week for 8 months) did not change…

Study snapshot

PublicationInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2018
Study typeanimal
Reported directionNo effect
Evidence ratingLow

Abstract

The expansion of mobile phone use has raised questions regarding the possible biological effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic field (RF-EMF) exposure on oxidative stress and brain inflammation. Despite accumulative exposure of humans to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMFs) from mobile phones, their long-term effects on oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in the aging brain have not been studied. In the present study, middle-aged C57BL/6 mice (aged 14 months) were exposed to 1950 MHz electromagnetic fields for 8 months (specific absorption rate (SAR) 5 W/kg, 2 h/day, 5 d/week). Compared with those in the young group, levels of protein (3-nitro-tyrosine) and lipid (4-hydroxy-2-nonenal) oxidative damage markers were significantly increased in the brains of aged mice. In addition, levels of markers for DNA damage (8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine, p53, p21, γH2AX, and Bax), apoptosis (cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP-1)), astrocyte (GFAP), and microglia (Iba-1) were significantly elevated in the brains of aged mice. However, long-term RF-EMF exposure did not change the levels of oxidative stress, DNA damage, apoptosis, astrocyte, or microglia markers in the aged mouse brains. Moreover, long-term RF-EMF exposure did not alter locomotor activity in aged mice. Therefore, these findings indicate that long-term exposure to RF-EMF did not influence age-induced oxidative stress or neuroinflammation in C57BL/6 mice.

Machine Enhanced Logic

AI evidence extraction

Structured fields below were generated from the paper’s abstract and metadata to make the evidence easier to inspect. Automated extraction may be incomplete or incorrect; verify important details against the original paper.

Study typeanimal
Effect directionno_effect
PopulationMiddle-aged/aged C57BL/6 mice (aged 14 months at start); comparisons also described vs young group
Sample sizeNot supplied
ExposureRF · 1950 MHz · 5 W/kg · 2 h/day, 5 d/week for 8 months
Evidence strengthLowConfidence: 78% · Peer reviewed: yes

Main findings

Aging was associated with significantly increased oxidative damage, DNA damage, apoptosis, and glial activation markers in mouse brains compared with a young group. Long-term 1950 MHz RF-EMF exposure (SAR 5 W/kg, 2 h/day, 5 d/week for 8 months) did not change oxidative stress, DNA damage, apoptosis, astrocyte or microglia markers, and did not alter locomotor activity in aged mice.

Outcomes measured

  • Oxidative damage markers (3-nitro-tyrosine; 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal)
  • DNA damage markers (8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine; p53; p21; γH2AX; Bax)
  • Apoptosis markers (cleaved caspase-3; cleaved PARP-1)
  • Astrocyte marker (GFAP)
  • Microglia marker (Iba-1)
  • Locomotor activity

Limitations

  • Sample size not reported in provided abstract/metadata
  • Details of exposure setup (e.g., modulation, dosimetry verification, sham conditions) not provided in abstract
  • Outcome assessment methods and brain regions analyzed not specified in abstract
View raw extracted JSON
{
  "study_type": "animal",
  "exposure": {
    "band": "RF",
    "source": "mobile phone",
    "frequency_mhz": 1950,
    "sar_wkg": 5,
    "duration": "2 h/day, 5 d/week for 8 months"
  },
  "population": "Middle-aged/aged C57BL/6 mice (aged 14 months at start); comparisons also described vs young group",
  "sample_size": null,
  "outcomes": [
    "Oxidative damage markers (3-nitro-tyrosine; 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal)",
    "DNA damage markers (8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine; p53; p21; γH2AX; Bax)",
    "Apoptosis markers (cleaved caspase-3; cleaved PARP-1)",
    "Astrocyte marker (GFAP)",
    "Microglia marker (Iba-1)",
    "Locomotor activity"
  ],
  "main_findings": "Aging was associated with significantly increased oxidative damage, DNA damage, apoptosis, and glial activation markers in mouse brains compared with a young group. Long-term 1950 MHz RF-EMF exposure (SAR 5 W/kg, 2 h/day, 5 d/week for 8 months) did not change oxidative stress, DNA damage, apoptosis, astrocyte or microglia markers, and did not alter locomotor activity in aged mice.",
  "effect_direction": "no_effect",
  "limitations": [
    "Sample size not reported in provided abstract/metadata",
    "Details of exposure setup (e.g., modulation, dosimetry verification, sham conditions) not provided in abstract",
    "Outcome assessment methods and brain regions analyzed not specified in abstract"
  ],
  "evidence_strength": "low",
  "confidence": 0.78,
  "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
  "keywords": [
    "RF-EMF",
    "1950 MHz",
    "SAR 5 W/kg",
    "C57BL/6 mice",
    "aging brain",
    "oxidative stress",
    "neuroinflammation",
    "DNA damage",
    "apoptosis",
    "GFAP",
    "Iba-1",
    "locomotor activity"
  ],
  "suggested_hubs": [
    {
      "slug": "mobile-phones",
      "weight": 0.6,
      "reason": "Exposure described as RF-EMF from mobile phones at 1950 MHz."
    }
  ]
}
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AI-extracted fields are generated from the abstract and metadata and may be incomplete or incorrect. This material is for informational purposes and is not medical advice.

Identifiers and source

DOI: 10.3390/ijms19072103
PubMed: 30029554

Read the original paper →

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