Exposure to 50 Hz electromagnetic radiation promote early maturation and differentiation in newborn rat cerebellar granule neurons.

Journal of cellular physiology · 2005 · Mixed · Low evidence

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MixedLow evidencePaper 5199

Study snapshot

PublicationJournal of cellular physiology · 2005

Study typein_vitro

Reported directionMixed

Evidence ratingLow

Abstract

The wish of this work is the study of the effect of electromagnetic (EMF) radiations at a frequency of 50 Hz on the development of cerebellar granule neurons (CGN). Granule neurons, prepared from newborn rat cerebellum (8 days after birth), were cultured after plate-seeding in the presence of EMF radiations, with the plan of characterizing their cellular and molecular biochemistry, after exposure to the electromagnetic stimulus. Five days challenge to EMF radiations showed, by the cytotoxic glutamate (Glu) pulse test, a 30% decrease of cells survival, while only 5% of mortality was reported for unexposed sample. Moreover, blocking the glutamate receptor (GluR) with the Glu competitor MK-801, no toxicity effect after CGN challenge to EMF radiations and Glu was detected. By patch-clamp recording technique, the Kainate-induced currents from 6 days old exposed CGN exhibited a significant increase with respect to control cells. Western blot and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analyses show that EMF exposure of rats CGN, induces a change in both GluRs proteins and mRNAs expression with respect to control. In addition, the use of monoclonal antibody raised against neurofilament protein (NF-200) reveals an increase in NF-200 synthesis in the exposed CGN. All these results indicate that exposure to non-ionizing radiations contribute to a premature expression of GluRs reducing the life span of CGN, leading to a more rapid cell maturation.

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AI evidence extraction

Structured fields below were generated from the paper’s abstract and metadata to make the evidence easier to inspect. Automated extraction may be incomplete or incorrect; verify important details against the original paper.

Study typein_vitro

Effect directionmixed

PopulationCerebellar granule neurons cultured from newborn rat cerebellum (8 days after birth)

Sample sizeNot supplied

ExposureELF · 0.05 MHz · 5 days

Evidence strengthLowConfidence: 74% · Peer reviewed: yes

Main findings

After 5 days of 50 Hz EMF exposure, a glutamate pulse test showed ~30% decreased cell survival versus ~5% mortality in unexposed cultures. Kainate-induced currents were significantly increased in exposed neurons, and EMF exposure was associated with changes in glutamate receptor proteins and mRNAs and increased NF-200 synthesis; MK-801 blocked the toxicity observed with EMF plus glutamate.

Outcomes measured

Cell survival/mortality after cytotoxic glutamate pulse
Glutamate receptor involvement (MK-801 blockade)
Kainate-induced currents (patch-clamp)
Glutamate receptor protein and mRNA expression (Western blot, RT-PCR)
Neurofilament protein NF-200 synthesis (immunostaining)
Neuronal maturation/differentiation markers

Limitations

No exposure intensity/dose metrics reported in abstract (e.g., field strength, SAR)
Sample size not reported
In vitro rat neuron culture; generalizability to in vivo/humans unclear
Cytotoxicity effect described in context of glutamate pulse test; baseline viability effects without glutamate not clearly quantified

View raw extracted JSON

{
  "study_type": "in_vitro",
  "exposure": {
    "band": "ELF",
    "source": null,
    "frequency_mhz": 0.05,
    "sar_wkg": null,
    "duration": "5 days"
  },
  "population": "Cerebellar granule neurons cultured from newborn rat cerebellum (8 days after birth)",
  "sample_size": null,
  "outcomes": [
    "Cell survival/mortality after cytotoxic glutamate pulse",
    "Glutamate receptor involvement (MK-801 blockade)",
    "Kainate-induced currents (patch-clamp)",
    "Glutamate receptor protein and mRNA expression (Western blot, RT-PCR)",
    "Neurofilament protein NF-200 synthesis (immunostaining)",
    "Neuronal maturation/differentiation markers"
  ],
  "main_findings": "After 5 days of 50 Hz EMF exposure, a glutamate pulse test showed ~30% decreased cell survival versus ~5% mortality in unexposed cultures. Kainate-induced currents were significantly increased in exposed neurons, and EMF exposure was associated with changes in glutamate receptor proteins and mRNAs and increased NF-200 synthesis; MK-801 blocked the toxicity observed with EMF plus glutamate.",
  "effect_direction": "mixed",
  "limitations": [
    "No exposure intensity/dose metrics reported in abstract (e.g., field strength, SAR)",
    "Sample size not reported",
    "In vitro rat neuron culture; generalizability to in vivo/humans unclear",
    "Cytotoxicity effect described in context of glutamate pulse test; baseline viability effects without glutamate not clearly quantified"
  ],
  "evidence_strength": "low",
  "confidence": 0.74,
  "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
  "keywords": [
    "50 Hz",
    "ELF EMF",
    "non-ionizing radiation",
    "cerebellar granule neurons",
    "newborn rat",
    "glutamate",
    "glutamate receptors",
    "MK-801",
    "kainate-induced currents",
    "patch-clamp",
    "Western blot",
    "RT-PCR",
    "NF-200",
    "maturation",
    "differentiation",
    "cytotoxicity"
  ],
  "suggested_hubs": []
}

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AI-extracted fields are generated from the abstract and metadata and may be incomplete or incorrect. This material is for informational purposes and is not medical advice.

Identifiers and source

DOI: 10.1002/jcp.20322
PubMed: 15754325

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