Extremely Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Fields Promote In Vitro Neuronal Differentiation and Neurite Outgrowth of Embryonic Neural Stem Cells via Up-Regulating TRPC1.

PloS one · 2016 · Benefit · Low evidence

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BenefitLow evidencePaper 4874

Study snapshot

PublicationPloS one · 2016

Study typein_vitro

Reported directionBenefit

Evidence ratingLow

Abstract

Exposure to extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMFs) can enhance hippocampal neurogenesis in adult mice. However, little is focused on the effects of ELF-EMFs on embryonic neurogenesis. Here, we studied the potential effects of ELF-EMFs on embryonic neural stem cells (eNSCs). We exposed eNSCs to ELF-EMF (50 Hz, 1 mT) for 1, 2, and 3 days with 4 hours per day. We found that eNSC proliferation and maintenance were significantly enhanced after ELF-EMF exposure in proliferation medium. ELF-EMF exposure increased the ratio of differentiated neurons and promoted the neurite outgrowth of eNSC-derived neurons without influencing astrocyes differentiation and the cell apoptosis. In addition, the expression of the proneural genes, NeuroD and Ngn1, which are crucial for neuronal differentiation and neurite outgrowth, was increased after ELF-EMF exposure. Moreover, the expression of transient receptor potential canonical 1 (TRPC1) was significantly up-regulated accompanied by increased the peak amplitude of intracellular calcium level induced by ELF-EMF. Furthermore, silencing TRPC1 expression eliminated the up-regulation of the proneural genes and the promotion of neuronal differentiation and neurite outgrowth induced by ELF-EMF. These results suggest that ELF-EMF exposure promotes the neuronal differentiation and neurite outgrowth of eNSCs via up-regulation the expression of TRPC1 and proneural genes (NeuroD and Ngn1). These findings also provide new insights in understanding the effects of ELF-EMF exposure on embryonic brain development.

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AI evidence extraction

Structured fields below were generated from the paper’s abstract and metadata to make the evidence easier to inspect. Automated extraction may be incomplete or incorrect; verify important details against the original paper.

Study typein_vitro

Effect directionbenefit

PopulationEmbryonic neural stem cells (eNSCs) in vitro

Sample sizeNot supplied

ExposureELF · 5e-05 MHz · 1, 2, and 3 days; 4 hours/day

Evidence strengthLowConfidence: 78% · Peer reviewed: yes

Main findings

Embryonic neural stem cells exposed to ELF-EMF (50 Hz, 1 mT; 4 h/day for 1–3 days) showed increased proliferation/maintenance, increased neuronal differentiation ratio, and promoted neurite outgrowth, with no reported effect on astrocyte differentiation or apoptosis. ELF-EMF exposure increased NeuroD and Ngn1 expression and up-regulated TRPC1 with increased intracellular calcium peak amplitude; TRPC1 silencing eliminated the ELF-EMF-associated increases in proneural genes, neuronal differentiation, and neurite outgrowth.

Outcomes measured

eNSC proliferation and maintenance
Neuronal differentiation ratio
Neurite outgrowth
Astrocyte differentiation
Cell apoptosis
Expression of proneural genes (NeuroD, Ngn1)
TRPC1 expression
Intracellular calcium peak amplitude
Effect of TRPC1 silencing on ELF-EMF-induced changes

View raw extracted JSON

{
  "study_type": "in_vitro",
  "exposure": {
    "band": "ELF",
    "source": null,
    "frequency_mhz": 5e-05,
    "sar_wkg": null,
    "duration": "1, 2, and 3 days; 4 hours/day"
  },
  "population": "Embryonic neural stem cells (eNSCs) in vitro",
  "sample_size": null,
  "outcomes": [
    "eNSC proliferation and maintenance",
    "Neuronal differentiation ratio",
    "Neurite outgrowth",
    "Astrocyte differentiation",
    "Cell apoptosis",
    "Expression of proneural genes (NeuroD, Ngn1)",
    "TRPC1 expression",
    "Intracellular calcium peak amplitude",
    "Effect of TRPC1 silencing on ELF-EMF-induced changes"
  ],
  "main_findings": "Embryonic neural stem cells exposed to ELF-EMF (50 Hz, 1 mT; 4 h/day for 1–3 days) showed increased proliferation/maintenance, increased neuronal differentiation ratio, and promoted neurite outgrowth, with no reported effect on astrocyte differentiation or apoptosis. ELF-EMF exposure increased NeuroD and Ngn1 expression and up-regulated TRPC1 with increased intracellular calcium peak amplitude; TRPC1 silencing eliminated the ELF-EMF-associated increases in proneural genes, neuronal differentiation, and neurite outgrowth.",
  "effect_direction": "benefit",
  "limitations": [],
  "evidence_strength": "low",
  "confidence": 0.78,
  "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
  "keywords": [
    "extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields",
    "ELF-EMF",
    "50 Hz",
    "1 mT",
    "embryonic neural stem cells",
    "neuronal differentiation",
    "neurite outgrowth",
    "TRPC1",
    "NeuroD",
    "Ngn1",
    "intracellular calcium"
  ],
  "suggested_hubs": []
}

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AI-extracted fields are generated from the abstract and metadata and may be incomplete or incorrect. This material is for informational purposes and is not medical advice.

Identifiers and source

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0150923
PubMed: 26950212

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