Exposure to electromagnetic fields in households--trends from 2006 to 2012.

{
  "study_type": "exposure_assessment",
  "exposure": {
    "band": "ELF and RF",
    "source": "household (bedrooms); UMTS, WLAN, DECT, LTE mentioned",
    "frequency_mhz": 2600,
    "sar_wkg": null,
    "duration": "all-night measurements (ELF-MFs); repeated surveys 2006, 2009, 2012"
  },
  "population": "Households/bedrooms in Lower Austria",
  "sample_size": 219,
  "outcomes": [
    "Bedroom ELF electric field levels (V/m)",
    "Bedroom ELF magnetic field levels at 50 Hz (nT)",
    "Total RF-EMF exposure (µW/m^2)",
    "RF-EMF by source/frequency bands (UMTS, WLAN, DECT, LTE 2600 MHz)",
    "Urban vs rural RF-EMF exposure differences",
    "Time trends in exposure (2006 to 2012)"
  ],
  "main_findings": "In revisited households, median ELF electric fields decreased from 23.20 V/m (2006) to 13.90 V/m (2012), and median all-night 50 Hz ELF magnetic fields decreased from 13.50 to 11.37 nT. Median total RF-EMFs increased from 28.13 to 52.16 µW/m^2, with the highest increases for UMTS and WLAN; urban households had higher total RF-EMFs (median 117.73 µW/m^2) than rural (median 34.52 µW/m^2). LTE at 2600 MHz was detected at 17 locations (maximum 38.20 µW/m^2); indoor sources were associated with decreased DECT-range exposure and increased WLAN-range exposure.",
  "effect_direction": "mixed",
  "limitations": [],
  "evidence_strength": "insufficient",
  "confidence": 0.86,
  "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
  "keywords": [
    "extremely low-frequency",
    "ELF electric fields",
    "ELF magnetic fields",
    "50 Hz",
    "radiofrequency",
    "RF-EMF",
    "bedroom measurements",
    "household exposure",
    "time trends",
    "UMTS",
    "WLAN",
    "DECT",
    "LTE",
    "2600 MHz",
    "urban rural"
  ],
  "suggested_hubs": [
    {
      "slug": "school-wi-fi",
      "weight": 0.2,
      "reason": "WLAN exposure is discussed, but measurements are in households/bedrooms rather than schools."
    },
    {
      "slug": "occupational-exposure",
      "weight": 0,
      "reason": null
    },
    {
      "slug": "5g-policy",
      "weight": 0,
      "reason": null
    },
    {
      "slug": "smart-meters",
      "weight": 0,
      "reason": null
    },
    {
      "slug": "who-icnirp",
      "weight": 0,
      "reason": null
    }
  ]
}