Changes in antioxidant capacity of blood due to mutual action of electromagnetic field (1800 MHz) and opioid drug (tramadol) in animal model of persistent inflammatory state.

Pharmacological reports : PR · 2013 · Harm · Low evidence

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HarmLow evidencePaper 4607

A single 15-minute exposure to an 1800 MHz GSM-like EMF significantly reduced blood antioxidant capacity in both healthy rats and rats with CFA-induced paw inflammation. In CFA-treated rats, a synergic mode of action between EMF exposure and tramadol administ…

Study snapshot

PublicationPharmacological reports : PR · 2013

Study typeanimal

Reported directionHarm

Evidence ratingLow

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The biological effects and health implications of electromagnetic field (EMF) associated with cellular mobile telephones and related wireless systems and devices have become a focus of international scientific interest and world-wide public concern. It has also been proved that EMF influences the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in different tissues. METHODS: Experiments were performed in healthy rats and in rats with persistent inflammatory state induced by Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA) injection, which was given 24 h before EMF exposure and drug application. Rats were injected with CFA or the same volume of paraffin oil into the plantar surface of the left hind paw. Animals were exposed to the far-field range of an antenna at 1800 MHz with the additional modulation which was identical to that generated by mobile phone GSM 1800. Rats were given 15 min exposure, or were sham-exposed with no voltage applied to the field generator in control groups. Immediately before EMF exposure, rats were injected intraperitoneally with tramadol in the 20 mg/kg dose or vehicle in the 1 ml/kg volume. RESULTS: Our study revealed that single EMF exposure in 1800 MHz frequency significantly reduced antioxidant capacity both in healthy animals and those with paw inflammation. A certain synergic mode of action between applied electromagnetic fields and administered tramadol in rats treated with CFA was observed. CONCLUSIONS: The aim of the study was to examine the possible, parallel/combined effects of electromagnetic radiation, artificially induced inflammation and a centrally-acting synthetic opioid analgesic drug, tramadol, (used in the treatment of severe pain) on the antioxidant capacity of blood of rats. The antioxidant capacity of blood of healthy rats was higher than that of rats which received only tramadol and were exposed to electromagnetic fields.

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AI evidence extraction

Structured fields below were generated from the paper’s abstract and metadata to make the evidence easier to inspect. Automated extraction may be incomplete or incorrect; verify important details against the original paper.

Study typeanimal

Effect directionharm

PopulationRats (healthy and rats with persistent inflammatory state induced by Complete Freund's Adjuvant)

Sample sizeNot supplied

ExposureRF · 1800 MHz · 15 min (single exposure)

Evidence strengthLowConfidence: 74% · Peer reviewed: yes

Main findings

Outcomes measured

Antioxidant capacity of blood
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production (background context)

Limitations

Sample size not reported in abstract
Specific exposure metrics (e.g., SAR, field strength) not reported in abstract
Outcome measurement methods for antioxidant capacity not described in abstract
Details of the reported synergy (magnitude/statistics) not provided in abstract

View raw extracted JSON

{
  "study_type": "animal",
  "exposure": {
    "band": "RF",
    "source": "mobile phone",
    "frequency_mhz": 1800,
    "sar_wkg": null,
    "duration": "15 min (single exposure)"
  },
  "population": "Rats (healthy and rats with persistent inflammatory state induced by Complete Freund's Adjuvant)",
  "sample_size": null,
  "outcomes": [
    "Antioxidant capacity of blood",
    "Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production (background context)"
  ],
  "main_findings": "A single 15-minute exposure to an 1800 MHz GSM-like EMF significantly reduced blood antioxidant capacity in both healthy rats and rats with CFA-induced paw inflammation. In CFA-treated rats, a synergic mode of action between EMF exposure and tramadol administration was observed.",
  "effect_direction": "harm",
  "limitations": [
    "Sample size not reported in abstract",
    "Specific exposure metrics (e.g., SAR, field strength) not reported in abstract",
    "Outcome measurement methods for antioxidant capacity not described in abstract",
    "Details of the reported synergy (magnitude/statistics) not provided in abstract"
  ],
  "evidence_strength": "low",
  "confidence": 0.74,
  "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
  "keywords": [
    "1800 MHz",
    "GSM 1800",
    "electromagnetic field",
    "RF exposure",
    "tramadol",
    "opioid",
    "rats",
    "Complete Freund's Adjuvant",
    "inflammation",
    "antioxidant capacity",
    "oxidative stress"
  ],
  "suggested_hubs": [
    {
      "slug": "who-icnirp",
      "weight": 0.2,
      "reason": "Study concerns RF exposure from GSM-like mobile phone signals, relevant to general RF health evidence base."
    }
  ]
}

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AI-extracted fields are generated from the abstract and metadata and may be incomplete or incorrect. This material is for informational purposes and is not medical advice.

Identifiers and source

DOI: 10.1016/s1734-1140(13)71017-x
PubMed: 23744426

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