Experimentation with a transcranial magnetic stimulation system for functional brain mapping.

Medical image analysis · 1998 · Unclear · Insufficient evidence

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UnclearInsufficient evidencePaper 4060

Study snapshot

PublicationMedical image analysis · 1998

Study typeengineering

Reported directionUnclear

Evidence ratingInsufficient

Abstract

We describe functional brain mapping experiments using a transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) device. This device, when placed on a subject's scalp, stimulates the underlying neurons by generating focused magnetic field pulses. A brain mapping is then generated by measuring responses of different motor and sensory functions to this stimulation. The key process in generating this mapping is the association of the 3-D positions and orientations of the TMS probe on the scalp to a 3-D brain reconstruction such as is feasible with a magnetic resonance image (MRI). We have developed a registration system which not only generates functional brain maps using such a device, but also provides real-time feedback to guide the technician in placing the probe at appropriate points on the head to achieve the desired map resolution. Functional areas we have mapped are the motor and visual cortex. Validation experiments focus on repeatability tests for mapping the same subjects several times. Applications of the technique include neuroanatomy research, surgical planning and guidance, treatment and disease monitoring, and therapeutic procedures.

Machine Enhanced Logic

AI evidence extraction

Structured fields below were generated from the paper’s abstract and metadata to make the evidence easier to inspect. Automated extraction may be incomplete or incorrect; verify important details against the original paper.

Study typeengineering

Effect directionunclear

Populationhuman subjects

Sample sizeNot supplied

ExposureNot supplied

Evidence strengthInsufficientConfidence: 74% · Peer reviewed: yes

Main findings

Describes development and use of a registration system to associate 3-D TMS probe position/orientation on the scalp with a 3-D brain reconstruction (e.g., MRI) to generate functional brain maps, with real-time feedback for probe placement. Validation experiments are described as repeatability tests mapping the same subjects multiple times; mapped functional areas include motor and visual cortex.

Outcomes measured

functional brain mapping (motor and sensory responses)
mapping of motor cortex
mapping of visual cortex
repeatability of mapping across sessions
registration of TMS probe position/orientation to 3-D brain reconstruction (MRI)
real-time feedback for probe placement

Limitations

No sample size reported in the abstract
No quantitative results or effect estimates reported in the abstract
Exposure parameters (e.g., pulse characteristics, field strength) not reported in the abstract

View raw extracted JSON

{
  "study_type": "engineering",
  "exposure": {
    "band": null,
    "source": "transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) device",
    "frequency_mhz": null,
    "sar_wkg": null,
    "duration": null
  },
  "population": "human subjects",
  "sample_size": null,
  "outcomes": [
    "functional brain mapping (motor and sensory responses)",
    "mapping of motor cortex",
    "mapping of visual cortex",
    "repeatability of mapping across sessions",
    "registration of TMS probe position/orientation to 3-D brain reconstruction (MRI)",
    "real-time feedback for probe placement"
  ],
  "main_findings": "Describes development and use of a registration system to associate 3-D TMS probe position/orientation on the scalp with a 3-D brain reconstruction (e.g., MRI) to generate functional brain maps, with real-time feedback for probe placement. Validation experiments are described as repeatability tests mapping the same subjects multiple times; mapped functional areas include motor and visual cortex.",
  "effect_direction": "unclear",
  "limitations": [
    "No sample size reported in the abstract",
    "No quantitative results or effect estimates reported in the abstract",
    "Exposure parameters (e.g., pulse characteristics, field strength) not reported in the abstract"
  ],
  "evidence_strength": "insufficient",
  "confidence": 0.74,
  "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
  "keywords": [
    "transcranial magnetic stimulation",
    "TMS",
    "functional brain mapping",
    "magnetic field pulses",
    "registration",
    "MRI",
    "motor cortex",
    "visual cortex",
    "repeatability",
    "real-time feedback"
  ],
  "suggested_hubs": [
    {
      "slug": "medical-imaging-neuromodulation",
      "weight": 0.6,
      "reason": "Focuses on TMS-based functional brain mapping and MRI-based registration/feedback system."
    }
  ]
}

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AI-extracted fields are generated from the abstract and metadata and may be incomplete or incorrect. This material is for informational purposes and is not medical advice.

Identifiers and source

DOI: 10.1016/s1361-8415(98)80008-x
PubMed: 10646759

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