Particle trapping and undulation of a liquid surface using a microscopically modulated magnetic field.

{
  "study_type": "engineering",
  "exposure": {
    "band": null,
    "source": "static magnetic field with microscopic spatial modulation",
    "frequency_mhz": null,
    "sar_wkg": null,
    "duration": null
  },
  "population": null,
  "sample_size": null,
  "outcomes": [
    "Undulation of thin liquid surface under modulated magnetic field",
    "Trapping of 20 µm polystyrene spheres into periodic line pattern",
    "Self-organized packing of spheres upon drying"
  ],
  "main_findings": "A layered aluminum/iron block placed in a homogeneous magnetic field (~1 T) produced a periodic modulation of the magnetic field over the surface, which caused undulation of a thin liquid layer. The modulated field also trapped 20 µm polystyrene spheres in periodic lines, with trapping occurring above iron layers where field strength was lower in this setup; drying led to self-organized packing.",
  "effect_direction": "unclear",
  "limitations": [],
  "evidence_strength": "insufficient",
  "confidence": 0.74,
  "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
  "keywords": [
    "magnetic field modulation",
    "static magnetic field",
    "particle trapping",
    "liquid surface undulation",
    "polystyrene spheres",
    "self-assembly",
    "microstructured substrate"
  ],
  "suggested_hubs": []
}