Magnetic field effects on the open circuit potential of ferromagnetic electrodes in corroding solutions.

The journal of physical chemistry. B · 2005 · Mixed · Insufficient evidence

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MixedInsufficient evidencePaper 3567

Study snapshot

PublicationThe journal of physical chemistry. B · 2005

Study typeother

Reported directionMixed

Evidence ratingInsufficient

Abstract

Magnetic fields shift the open circuit potential (OCP) of ferromagnetic electrodes (Fe, Co, and Ni) in corroding solutions. The OCP changes we observe (a) follow the series Fe>Co>Ni; (b) increase with the magnetic flux density; (c) reach a maximum with disk electrodes approximately 1 mm in diameter; and (d) depend on the orientation of the electrode. We report that when the surface of the electrode is oriented parallel (theta = 90 degrees) or perpendicular (theta = 0 degrees) to the magnetic field, the open circuit potential moves in opposite directions (positive and negative, respectively) with the largest changes occurring when the electrode surface is parallel to the magnetic field. Nonconvective sleeve electrodes produce the same behavior. The overall experimental evidence suggests that the magnetic field changes the OCP by modifying the surface concentrations of the paramagnetic participants in the corrosion process of the ferromagnetic electrode by species in solution; this in turn is accomplished by imposing a field-gradient driven mode of mass transfer upon paramagnetic species in solution (magnetophoresis). Simulations of the magnetic field around the ferromagnetic electrode at the two extreme orientations considered here show that in one case (theta = 90 degrees) field gradients actually repel, while in the other case (theta = 0 degrees) they attract paramagnetic species in the vicinity of the electrode.

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AI evidence extraction

Structured fields below were generated from the paper’s abstract and metadata to make the evidence easier to inspect. Automated extraction may be incomplete or incorrect; verify important details against the original paper.

Study typeother

Effect directionmixed

PopulationNot supplied

Sample sizeNot supplied

ExposureNot supplied

Evidence strengthInsufficientConfidence: 74% · Peer reviewed: yes

Main findings

Magnetic fields shifted the open circuit potential of ferromagnetic electrodes (Fe, Co, Ni) in corroding solutions, with changes following Fe>Co>Ni and increasing with magnetic flux density. The direction of the OCP shift depended on electrode orientation: parallel vs perpendicular orientation produced opposite (positive vs negative) shifts, with the largest changes when the surface was parallel to the field; simulations suggested field gradients repel vs attract paramagnetic species depending on orientation.

Outcomes measured

Open circuit potential (OCP) shift of ferromagnetic electrodes in corroding solutions
Dependence of OCP shift on magnetic flux density
Dependence of OCP shift on electrode material (Fe, Co, Ni)
Dependence of OCP shift on electrode size (~1 mm disk maximum)
Dependence of OCP shift on electrode orientation relative to magnetic field
Magnetophoresis / field-gradient driven mass transfer effects (simulations)

View raw extracted JSON

{
  "study_type": "other",
  "exposure": {
    "band": null,
    "source": "static magnetic field",
    "frequency_mhz": null,
    "sar_wkg": null,
    "duration": null
  },
  "population": null,
  "sample_size": null,
  "outcomes": [
    "Open circuit potential (OCP) shift of ferromagnetic electrodes in corroding solutions",
    "Dependence of OCP shift on magnetic flux density",
    "Dependence of OCP shift on electrode material (Fe, Co, Ni)",
    "Dependence of OCP shift on electrode size (~1 mm disk maximum)",
    "Dependence of OCP shift on electrode orientation relative to magnetic field",
    "Magnetophoresis / field-gradient driven mass transfer effects (simulations)"
  ],
  "main_findings": "Magnetic fields shifted the open circuit potential of ferromagnetic electrodes (Fe, Co, Ni) in corroding solutions, with changes following Fe>Co>Ni and increasing with magnetic flux density. The direction of the OCP shift depended on electrode orientation: parallel vs perpendicular orientation produced opposite (positive vs negative) shifts, with the largest changes when the surface was parallel to the field; simulations suggested field gradients repel vs attract paramagnetic species depending on orientation.",
  "effect_direction": "mixed",
  "limitations": [],
  "evidence_strength": "insufficient",
  "confidence": 0.74,
  "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
  "keywords": [
    "static magnetic field",
    "magnetic flux density",
    "ferromagnetic electrodes",
    "iron",
    "cobalt",
    "nickel",
    "corrosion",
    "open circuit potential",
    "orientation dependence",
    "magnetophoresis",
    "mass transfer",
    "field gradients"
  ],
  "suggested_hubs": []
}

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AI-extracted fields are generated from the abstract and metadata and may be incomplete or incorrect. This material is for informational purposes and is not medical advice.

Identifiers and source

DOI: 10.1021/jp0442495
PubMed: 16852348

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