RF Safe

Effect of long-term exposure of mice to 900 MHz GSM radiation on experimental cutaneous candidiasis.

Saudi journal of biological sciences · 2017 · Harm · Low evidence

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HarmLow evidencePaper 2870

Mice exposed to 900 MHz GSM radiation showed delayed wound healing (reported delays of 1.5 and 3.7 days in stage two) and higher yeast loads in skin lesions at days 5, 7, and 9 post-inoculation. After intravenous Candida challenge, the exposed group was repor…

Study snapshot

PublicationSaudi journal of biological sciences · 2017
Study typeanimal
Reported directionHarm
Evidence ratingLow

Abstract

Mobile phones communicate with base stations using 900 MHz microwaves. The current study was aimed to survey the effects of long-term 900 MHz microwave exposure of mice on experimentally induced cutaneous candidiasis. Forty inbred, male, BALB/c mice were randomly divided into four groups. Cutaneous lesions with were experimentally induced on the lateral-back skin of the 20 mice. One group of the diseased mice were exposed (6 h per day and 7 d per week) to 900 MHz microwave radiation, while the other groups were not exposed. Two unexposed control groups were also included. The skin lesions were regularly monitored and the live candida cell density was enumerated using the colony-forming unit (CFU) assay. The process was repeated after a one week resting interval. One week later, all mice were challenged through intra tail veins using LD dose of . Mortality of the mice was recorded and the candida load of the kidney homogenates from died animals was counted. 900 MHz microwave exposed mice had 1.5 day and 3.7 day delays on wound healing in stages two. Live Candida inoculated Wave exposed (LCW) mice also showed higher yeast loads in skin lesions at days 5, 7 and 9 post inoculation. Survival analysis of live candida challenged mice showed the radiation exposed group is prone to death induced by systemic infection and candida enumeration from the kidney homogenates showed radiation exposed animals have had significantly higher yeast load in the tissue. In collection, long-term 900 MHz radiation exposure of mice led to longevity of skin wounds and susceptibility of the animals to systemic challenge and higher incidences of microorganisms in internal tissues.

Machine Enhanced Logic

AI evidence extraction

Structured fields below were generated from the paper’s abstract and metadata to make the evidence easier to inspect. Automated extraction may be incomplete or incorrect; verify important details against the original paper.

Study typeanimal
Effect directionharm
PopulationMale BALB/c mice
Sample size40
ExposureRF · 900 MHz · 6 h/day, 7 d/week; long-term (exact total duration not stated)
Evidence strengthLowConfidence: 78% · Peer reviewed: yes

Main findings

Mice exposed to 900 MHz GSM radiation showed delayed wound healing (reported delays of 1.5 and 3.7 days in stage two) and higher yeast loads in skin lesions at days 5, 7, and 9 post-inoculation. After intravenous Candida challenge, the exposed group was reported to be more prone to death and had significantly higher Candida load in kidney homogenates from animals that died.

Outcomes measured

  • Cutaneous wound healing time (cutaneous candidiasis lesions)
  • Candida yeast load in skin lesions (CFU)
  • Mortality after systemic Candida challenge
  • Candida load in kidney homogenates (CFU)

Limitations

  • Total exposure duration not stated beyond 6 h/day and 7 d/week
  • Specific exposure metrics (e.g., SAR, power density) not reported in abstract
  • Details of randomization/blinding not described in abstract
  • Some methodological details are unclear in the abstract (e.g., organism dose notation, lesion induction specifics)
View raw extracted JSON
{
  "study_type": "animal",
  "exposure": {
    "band": "RF",
    "source": "mobile phone (GSM)",
    "frequency_mhz": 900,
    "sar_wkg": null,
    "duration": "6 h/day, 7 d/week; long-term (exact total duration not stated)"
  },
  "population": "Male BALB/c mice",
  "sample_size": 40,
  "outcomes": [
    "Cutaneous wound healing time (cutaneous candidiasis lesions)",
    "Candida yeast load in skin lesions (CFU)",
    "Mortality after systemic Candida challenge",
    "Candida load in kidney homogenates (CFU)"
  ],
  "main_findings": "Mice exposed to 900 MHz GSM radiation showed delayed wound healing (reported delays of 1.5 and 3.7 days in stage two) and higher yeast loads in skin lesions at days 5, 7, and 9 post-inoculation. After intravenous Candida challenge, the exposed group was reported to be more prone to death and had significantly higher Candida load in kidney homogenates from animals that died.",
  "effect_direction": "harm",
  "limitations": [
    "Total exposure duration not stated beyond 6 h/day and 7 d/week",
    "Specific exposure metrics (e.g., SAR, power density) not reported in abstract",
    "Details of randomization/blinding not described in abstract",
    "Some methodological details are unclear in the abstract (e.g., organism dose notation, lesion induction specifics)"
  ],
  "evidence_strength": "low",
  "confidence": 0.78,
  "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
  "keywords": [
    "900 MHz",
    "GSM",
    "RF exposure",
    "microwave radiation",
    "mouse",
    "BALB/c",
    "cutaneous candidiasis",
    "Candida",
    "wound healing",
    "systemic infection",
    "kidney homogenate",
    "CFU"
  ],
  "suggested_hubs": [
    {
      "slug": "rf-health-effects",
      "weight": 0.9,
      "reason": "Animal study assessing biological/health effects of 900 MHz GSM RF exposure."
    }
  ]
}
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AI-extracted fields are generated from the abstract and metadata and may be incomplete or incorrect. This material is for informational purposes and is not medical advice.

Identifiers and source

DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2015.12.005
PubMed: 28490964

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