RF Safe

Biological effects of cell-phone radiofrequency waves exposure on fertilization in mice; an in vivo and in vitro study

2017 · Harm · Low evidence

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HarmLow evidencePaper 2317

Compared with controls, groups exposed to cell-phone RF (standby 5 h/day, 10 h/day; and active 1 h/day) had significantly fewer two-cell embryos and significantly more dead embryos. Exposure (notably 5 h/day standby) decreased grade-A embryos and increased lo…

Study snapshot

Publicationmanual · 2017
Study typeanimal
Reported directionHarm
Evidence ratingLow

Abstract

Biological effects of cell-phone radiofrequency waves exposure on fertilization in mice; an in vivo and in vitro study Fatehi D, Anjomshoa M, Mohammadi M, Seify M, Rostamzadeh A. Biological effects of cell-phone radiofrequency waves exposure on fertilization in mice; an in vivo and in vitro study. Middle East Fertility Society Journal, Available online 23 October 2017. Abstract Increasing use of cell-phone is one of the most important risk factors for population health. We designed an experimental study aimed at evaluating the effects of cell-phone radiofrequency (RF) waves exposure on fertilization in mice. Two hundred male and female NMRI-mice were used. One hundred males divided in five groups (n = 20) as control and exposed groups. Those irradiated with cell-phone RF in "Standby-mode" 1, 5 and 10 h daily named groups II, III and IV; respectively. Group V irradiated with cell-phone on "Active-mode" one hour daily. After 30 days irradiation, 50 males and 50 females were kept 24 h to assess their embryos. Fifty males were scarified to evaluate both in vitro and in vivo parameters, and 50 females received PMSG & HCG for both quantitative and qualitative evaluation. Comparing groups III, IV and V with control-group showed significantly decreased in the number of two-cell embryos (p = .000); however, a significant increase was found in the number of dead embryos (p = .000). Furthermore, 5 h daily irradiation significantly decreased grade-A embryos (p = .015); while, it significantly increased grade-B, C and D embryos (p-values = 0.026, 0.007, 0.006; respectively). Moreover, comparing groups IV and V to control-group, significant increase was found in pregnancy duration (p = .005, p = .009; respectively). However, in the mentioned groups a significant decrease was seen in number of newborn mice (p = .001, p = .004; respectively). In conclusion our findings showed that the cell-phone radiation can affect development of embryos as well as the number of newborn and pregnancy duration in NMRI-mouse, which might be a significant cause of reproductive failure. Conclusions The results of this study indicate that cell-phone RF waves decreases the quantity of two cells embryos as well as embryos with grade-A quality at the developmental process; while it increases the fragmentation of IVF-derived cells as well as grade-C and D cells in the NMRI-mouse. Cell-phone RF waves also reduces the number of newborn mice, where it increases the pregnancy duration which result in fertility failure in NMRI-mouse. sciencedirect.com

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AI evidence extraction

Structured fields below were generated from the paper’s abstract and metadata to make the evidence easier to inspect. Automated extraction may be incomplete or incorrect; verify important details against the original paper.

Study typeanimal
Effect directionharm
PopulationNMRI mice (male and female)
Sample size200
ExposureRF · Standby-mode: 1, 5, or 10 h daily; Active-mode: 1 h daily; for 30 days
Evidence strengthLowConfidence: 78% · Peer reviewed: unknown

Main findings

Compared with controls, groups exposed to cell-phone RF (standby 5 h/day, 10 h/day; and active 1 h/day) had significantly fewer two-cell embryos and significantly more dead embryos. Exposure (notably 5 h/day standby) decreased grade-A embryos and increased lower-quality grades (B, C, D); groups with 10 h/day standby and active-mode exposure showed increased pregnancy duration and fewer newborn mice.

Outcomes measured

  • Number of two-cell embryos
  • Number of dead embryos
  • Embryo quality grades (A, B, C, D)
  • Pregnancy duration
  • Number of newborn mice
  • Fragmentation of IVF-derived cells

Limitations

  • Frequency and SAR not reported in abstract
  • Exposure setup details beyond mode and hours/day not provided (e.g., distance, field strength)
  • Randomization/blinding not described
  • Journal field missing in metadata (though cited in abstract)
View raw extracted JSON
{
  "study_type": "animal",
  "exposure": {
    "band": "RF",
    "source": "mobile phone",
    "frequency_mhz": null,
    "sar_wkg": null,
    "duration": "Standby-mode: 1, 5, or 10 h daily; Active-mode: 1 h daily; for 30 days"
  },
  "population": "NMRI mice (male and female)",
  "sample_size": 200,
  "outcomes": [
    "Number of two-cell embryos",
    "Number of dead embryos",
    "Embryo quality grades (A, B, C, D)",
    "Pregnancy duration",
    "Number of newborn mice",
    "Fragmentation of IVF-derived cells"
  ],
  "main_findings": "Compared with controls, groups exposed to cell-phone RF (standby 5 h/day, 10 h/day; and active 1 h/day) had significantly fewer two-cell embryos and significantly more dead embryos. Exposure (notably 5 h/day standby) decreased grade-A embryos and increased lower-quality grades (B, C, D); groups with 10 h/day standby and active-mode exposure showed increased pregnancy duration and fewer newborn mice.",
  "effect_direction": "harm",
  "limitations": [
    "Frequency and SAR not reported in abstract",
    "Exposure setup details beyond mode and hours/day not provided (e.g., distance, field strength)",
    "Randomization/blinding not described",
    "Journal field missing in metadata (though cited in abstract)"
  ],
  "evidence_strength": "low",
  "confidence": 0.78,
  "peer_reviewed_likely": "unknown",
  "keywords": [
    "cell phone",
    "radiofrequency",
    "RF exposure",
    "fertilization",
    "embryo development",
    "IVF",
    "pregnancy duration",
    "newborn count",
    "NMRI mouse"
  ],
  "suggested_hubs": [
    {
      "slug": "mobile-phones",
      "weight": 0.9,
      "reason": "Exposure source is cell-phone RF waves (standby/active modes)."
    },
    {
      "slug": "reproductive-health",
      "weight": 0.85,
      "reason": "Outcomes include fertilization/embryo development, pregnancy duration, and number of newborn mice."
    }
  ]
}
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AI-extracted fields are generated from the abstract and metadata and may be incomplete or incorrect. This material is for informational purposes and is not medical advice.

Identifiers and source

DOI: Not supplied
PubMed: Not supplied

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