Aluminium foil dampened the adverse effect of 2100 MHz mobile phone-induced radiation on the blood parameters and myocardium in rats

2019 · Mixed · Low evidence

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MixedLow evidencePaper 1892

Study snapshot

Publicationmanual · 2019

Study typeanimal

Reported directionMixed

Evidence ratingLow

Abstract

Aluminium foil dampened the adverse effect of 2100 MHz mobile phone-induced radiation on the blood parameters and myocardium in rats Kalanjati VP, Purwantari KE, Prasetiowati L. Aluminium foil dampened the adverse effect of 2100 MHz mobile phone-induced radiation on the blood parameters and myocardium in rats. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2019 Feb 26. doi: 10.1007/s11356-019-04601-8. Abstract Mobile phones emit a radiofrequency radiation (RFR) that might have adverse health effects. We aimed to investigate the possible protective effects of aluminium foil (AF) as a physical shield against the RFR from mobile phones on the blood parameters and the myocardium in rats. The effects of whole body 2100 MHz with 0.84- 1.86 W/kg of SAR, 4 h/day for 30 days Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM)-RFR exposure for 4 h/day for 30 days on blood parameters (i.e. haemoglobin, leucocytes, thrombocytes, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, white blood cell differential count, corticosterone, CKMB), and the histology of myocardium were investigated. Three-month-old male rats (n = 32) were studied and randomised equally in the following four groups: K1 (non-AF non-RFR control), K2 (AF non-RFR control), P1 (non-AF RFR-exposed), P2 (AF RFR-exposed). Data were analysed with level of significance of p < 0.05. In P1, lower leucocytes and neutrophils counts with high corticosterone levels were found compared with the control groups, whilst a significantly higher CKMB was observed compared with P2 (p = 0.034). Lower cardiomyocyte counts congruent to the area fraction of the non- fibrotic myocardium were observed in P1 compared with the other groups (p < 0.01). AF might decrease the inflammatory-oxidative stress on rodent's blood cells and myocardium induced by the exposures of radiofrequency radiation of the mobile phones. ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

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AI evidence extraction

Structured fields below were generated from the paper’s abstract and metadata to make the evidence easier to inspect. Automated extraction may be incomplete or incorrect; verify important details against the original paper.

Study typeanimal

Effect directionmixed

PopulationThree-month-old male rats

Sample size32

ExposureRF · 2100 MHz · 4 h/day for 30 days

Evidence strengthLowConfidence: 78% · Peer reviewed: yes

Main findings

Rats exposed to 2100 MHz GSM radiofrequency radiation without aluminium foil shielding (P1) had lower leucocyte and neutrophil counts and higher corticosterone compared with control groups. CKMB was significantly higher in P1 than in the aluminium-foil-shielded exposed group (P2), and P1 showed lower cardiomyocyte counts and reduced area fraction of non-fibrotic myocardium compared with other groups.

Outcomes measured

haemoglobin
leucocytes
thrombocytes
erythrocyte sedimentation rate
white blood cell differential count
corticosterone
CKMB
myocardium histology
cardiomyocyte counts
area fraction of non-fibrotic myocardium

Limitations

Study conducted in rats; human relevance not established in abstract
Specific SAR range (0.84–1.86 W/kg) is given but not tied to a single value per group in abstract
Details of exposure setup and dosimetry beyond frequency/SAR range/duration not provided in abstract
Blinding and randomization procedures not described beyond stating groups were randomized

View raw extracted JSON

{
  "study_type": "animal",
  "exposure": {
    "band": "RF",
    "source": "mobile phone",
    "frequency_mhz": 2100,
    "sar_wkg": null,
    "duration": "4 h/day for 30 days"
  },
  "population": "Three-month-old male rats",
  "sample_size": 32,
  "outcomes": [
    "haemoglobin",
    "leucocytes",
    "thrombocytes",
    "erythrocyte sedimentation rate",
    "white blood cell differential count",
    "corticosterone",
    "CKMB",
    "myocardium histology",
    "cardiomyocyte counts",
    "area fraction of non-fibrotic myocardium"
  ],
  "main_findings": "Rats exposed to 2100 MHz GSM radiofrequency radiation without aluminium foil shielding (P1) had lower leucocyte and neutrophil counts and higher corticosterone compared with control groups. CKMB was significantly higher in P1 than in the aluminium-foil-shielded exposed group (P2), and P1 showed lower cardiomyocyte counts and reduced area fraction of non-fibrotic myocardium compared with other groups.",
  "effect_direction": "mixed",
  "limitations": [
    "Study conducted in rats; human relevance not established in abstract",
    "Specific SAR range (0.84–1.86 W/kg) is given but not tied to a single value per group in abstract",
    "Details of exposure setup and dosimetry beyond frequency/SAR range/duration not provided in abstract",
    "Blinding and randomization procedures not described beyond stating groups were randomized"
  ],
  "evidence_strength": "low",
  "confidence": 0.78,
  "peer_reviewed_likely": "yes",
  "keywords": [
    "2100 MHz",
    "GSM",
    "radiofrequency radiation",
    "mobile phone",
    "SAR",
    "aluminium foil",
    "shielding",
    "blood parameters",
    "corticosterone",
    "CKMB",
    "myocardium",
    "rats"
  ],
  "suggested_hubs": [
    {
      "slug": "mobile-phones",
      "weight": 0.9,
      "reason": "Study examines 2100 MHz mobile phone (GSM) radiofrequency exposure."
    },
    {
      "slug": "rf-shielding",
      "weight": 0.75,
      "reason": "Tests aluminium foil as a physical shield against mobile-phone RFR."
    }
  ]
}

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AI-extracted fields are generated from the abstract and metadata and may be incomplete or incorrect. This material is for informational purposes and is not medical advice.

Identifiers and source

DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04601-8
PubMed: Not supplied

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